Orsakir lungnabólgu á Borgarspítalanum 1. desember 1983 til 30. nóvember 1984

Abstract

In order to investigate the epidemiology and etiology of pneumonia in adult Icelandic patients a prospective study was performed on the medical department of Reykjavik City Hospital. Pneumonia was diagnosed on 105 occations in 97 patients during a period of 12 months, community acquired on 82 occations and hospital acquired on 23 occations. Etiologic agents were found in 65% of the cases and mixed infections were found in 11% of the patients. Most often Streptococcus pneumoniae (26%), Haemophilus influenzae (15%) and Legionella spp (14%) were found and no significant difference was noted in community and hospital acquired pneumonias regarding these three bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus and gram negative enterobacteriae were found in 6% and 5% of the cases respectively. The patients' median age was 71 years (range 16-94 years) and case fatality ratio was 15% for community acquired pneumonias and 35% for hospital acquired pneumonias.

Í framvirkri rannsókn var leitað orsaka fyrir lungnabólgu meðal fullorðinna sjúklinga á Borgarspítalanum. Eitthundrað og fimm tilfelli lungnabólgu greindust hjá 97 sjúklingum á 12 mánuðum. Í 82 tilfellum var sjúklingurinn lagður inn vegna lungnabólgu en í 23 tilfellum sýktist sjúklingurinn innan sjúkrahússins. Meðalaldur sjúklinganna var 71 ár (16-94 ára). Orök lungnabólgunnar fannst í 65% tilfella, þar af var um blandaða sýkingu að ræða í 11 % tilfella. Streptococcus pneumoniae greindist í 26% tilfellanna, Haemophilus influenzae í 15% og Legionella spp í 14%. Staphylococcus aureus og iðrabakteríur (enterobakteria) orsökuðu lungnabólguna í 5% og 6% tilfellanna. Enginn marktækur munur var á tíðni lungnabólgu af völdum Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae eða Legionella spp meðal inniliggjandi og innlagðra sjúklinga. Dánarhlutfall innlagðra sjúklinga var 15% en inniliggjandi sjúklinga 35%.