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Mat á líkamlegri, andlegri og félagslegri færni og þarfir aldraðra sem biðu hvíldarinnlagnar á öldrunarsviði Landspítala

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Authors
Ingibjörg Hjaltadóttir
Sigrún Bjartmarz
Díana Dröfn Heiðarsdóttir
Steinunn Arna Þorsteinsdóttir
Issue Date
2010-06

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Other Titles
Functioning and needs of elders waiting for in-hospital respite care
Citation
Tímarit hjúkrunarfræðinga 2010, 86(3):52-9
Abstract
Tilgangur þessarar rannsóknar var að fá lýsandi mynd af líkamlegri, andlegri og félagslegri færni og þörfum aldraðra sem biðu eftir hvíldarinnlögn á öldrunarsviði Landspítala vorið 2007. Einnig var leitast við að kanna væntingar aldraðra og aðstandenda til þjónustunnar. Rannsóknin var megindleg með lýsandi sniði. Úrtakið var 24 einstaklingar sem bjuggu á eigin heimilum og voru á biðlista fyrir hvíldarinnlögn á öldrunarsviði Landspítala. Tekin voru viðtöl við þátttakendur eða aðstandendur þeirra. Notað var RAI-HC-matstæki sem greinir þarfir og styrkleika einstaklinga á ýmsum sviðum og er ætlað heilbrigðis- og félagsþjónustu. Niðurstöður sýndu að allir þurftu aðstoð við böðun og almennt var mikil þörf fyrir aðstoð við daglegar athafnir. Hjá 16 af 24 hafði orðið afturför í sjálfsbjargargetu við daglegar athafnir síðustu mánuði. Um helmingur þátttakenda var með minnisskerðingu og þurftu margir aðstoð og eftirlit allan sólarhringinn. Af 24 þátttakendum töldu 16 þeirra töldu heilsufar sitt vera lélegt eða sæmilegt. Meðal þátttakenda var andleg vanlíðan, einangrun og einmanaleiki algeng og þátttaka í félagslífi lítil. Álykta má út frá niðurstöðum að þessi hópur aldraðra þarfnist mikillar aðstoðar og að hún sé að miklu leyti veitt af nánasta aðstandanda. Þar sem mikið álag er á aðstandendum er þörf á aukinni heilbrigðis- og félagsþjónustu fyrir þennan hóp. Hjúkrunarfræðingar og annað heilbrigðisstarfsfólk gegnir mikilvægu hlutverki við mat á þjónustuþörf þess aldraða og umönnunaraðila hans sem og að leiðbeina um hugsanleg þjónustuúrræði.
The aim of this study is to receive a descriptive picture of the physical, mental, and social functioning and needs of elders waiting for in-hospital respite care at the Division of Geriatric Medicine, Landspitali-University Hospital in the spring of 2007. Furthermore the aim was to explore the expectations of the elders and their relatives to the service. The research was quantitative with a descriptive design. The sample was 24 persons who live in private homes and were on a waiting list for in-hospital respite care. Participants or their relatives were interviewed. The RAI-HC instrument was used as it evaluates needs and strengths of individuals and is intended for health and social services. The findings showed that participants were severely burdened with health problems. All needed some assistance when bathing and most of them needed help in their activities of daily living. Their main caregivers were therefore under a lot of stress. Sixteen out of 24 participants had in the last months experienced a decline in their ability to take care of themselves. Half of the participants had dementia and many of them needed assistance and supervision 24 hours a day. Poor emotional condition was prevalent, isolation and loneliness were common and social participation restricted. The participants were in great need of assistance, most of which came from their closest relative. Increased health and social services are needed for this group. Nurses and other health care workers play an important role in assessing the need of elderly people and their caregivers for service as well as informing about available services.
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