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Brjóstagjöf fyrirbura og veikra nýbura

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Authors
Rakel Björg Jónsdóttir
Arna Skúladóttir
Issue Date
2010-10

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Other Titles
Breastfeeding of premature infants and sick neonates
Citation
Tímarit hjúkrunarfræðinga 2010, 8(5):54-60
Abstract
Tilgangur þessarar rannsóknar var að lýsa brjóstagjöf barna við heimferð af nýburagjörgæsludeild og við fjögurra mánaða aldur og athuga hvort fæðingarþyngd barns hafi haft áhrif á gang og árangur brjóstagjafar. Rannsóknin var unnin á nýburagjörgæsludeild Landspítala á þriggja mánaða tímabili. Þátttakendur voru foreldrar 62 af 84 börnum sem útskrifuðust á rannsóknartímabilinu. Gögnum um næringu barnanna og lýðfræðilegum upplýsingum fjölskyldunnar var safnað með spurningalistum sem sendir voru til foreldra. Niðurstöður sýndu að 76% barnanna fengu eingöngu brjóstamjólk við útskrift. Sum drukku hana eingöngu af brjósti, önnur drukku hana hvort tveggja af brjósti og úr pela og enn önnur drukku brjóstamjólkina eingöngu úr pela. Nánast öll börnin, eða 92%, fengu einhverja brjóstamjólk við heimferð. Börn með fæðingarþyngd 2500 g eða yfir voru frekar líklegri til að drekka alla brjóstamjólkina af brjósti (70%) við heimferð en börn með lægri fæðingarþyngd (31%). Ekki var tölfræðilega marktækur munur eftir þyngd á fjölda barna sem drukku eingöngu brjóstamjólk við heimferð. Við fjögurra mánaða aldur drakk 61% barnanna enn eingöngu af brjósti, ekkert barn fékk brjóstamjólk úr pela og 5% fengu blöndu af brjóstaog pelagjöfum. Fleiri börn með fæðingarþyngd undir 2500 g voru hætt að drekka af brjósti við fjögurra mánaða aldur (50%) en þyngri börnin (27%). Niðurstöður sýna að ef barn drakk ekki brjóstamjólkina af brjósti við heimferð var líklegra að það væri hætt að fá brjóstamjólk við fjögurra mánaða aldur. Þessar niðurstöður benda til mikilvægis þess að börn séu farin að drekka af brjósti við heimferð og að huga þurfi að auknum stuðningi við brjóstagjöf eftir heimferð til foreldra barna með lága fæðingarþyngd (undir 2500 g). Einnig benda niðurstöðurnar til þess að skoða þurfi sérstaklega þann möguleika að brjóstagjöf með ábót úr pela sé vel ásættanleg í sumum tilvikum.
The aim of this study was to describe infants’ breastfeeding at discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and at the age of 4 months to investigate the impact of birth weight on breastfeeding. The study was conducted at the NICU at the University Hospital in Iceland over a three month period. Participants were parents of 62 out of 84 infants who were discharged during this period. Data concerning infants’ feeding habits and demographics concerning the family was collected by questionnaires mailed to parents. Results showed that 76% of infants were fed exclusively breast milk at discharge but the pattern of feeding varied: Some were drinking only from the breast, others were fed on the breast with additional breast milk from a bottle, and finally some received breast milk exclusively from a bottle. Importantly, almost all infants or 92% were getting some breast milk at discharge. Furthermore, infants with birth weight 2500 g or more were more likely to be entirely fed from the breast (70%) at discharge compared to low birth weight (LBW) under 2500 g (31%) infants. However, there was no statistical difference between the number of LBW and full birth weight infants who were exclusively fed with breast milk at discharge. At 4 months of age, 61% of the infants were still fully breastfed, none received breast milk only by the bottle and 5% received breast milk both from breast and bottle. In addition, the results showed that more LBW infants had stopped breastfeeding (50%) compared to infants with higher birth weight (27%) at 4 months of age. These results indicate that infants who are not breastfed at discharge will be more likely to receive no breast milk at 4 months. These findings indicate the importance of breastfeeding at discharge from the NICU for maintenance of breastfeeding during the first few months of life. Additionally, the results indicate that parents of LBW infants may need more support to maintain breastfeeding after discharge. Especially, it must be taken into account that breastfeeding in combination with bottle feeding may be an acceptable option in some cases.
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Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn Skoða/Opna(view/open)
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