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Heilsuefling í leikskólum í Reykjavík : íhlutun og árangur aðgerða

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Authors
Ágústa Guðmarsdóttir
Kristinn Tómasson
Issue Date
2007-03-01

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Other Titles
Health promotion in day-care centres in Reykjavík--intervention and result of actions
Citation
Læknablaðið 2007, 93(3):189-98
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to compare wellbeing, health and work environment before and after intervention among employees of Reykjavík city day-care centre. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study is a prospective interventions study. In the year 2000 employees of 16 day-care centres responded to a questionnaire regarding work environment, health and wellbeing. Work environment evaluation was completed and the centre classified into four groups accordingly. Subsequently, the "equipment was renewed" noise protection improved and the employee received education concerning occupational health. Six months, after interventions, in the year 2002 the same questionnaire was readministered. RESULTS: Response rate in 2002 was 88% (n=267) but 90% in the year 2000. Work environment had improved. More employees had received instruction on good workposture and good work technique than 2 years earlier. Fewer employees used awkward posture than before. Better workspace resulted in reduced number of symptoms, also for the youngest employees. Symptoms were also fewer where unskilled employees were in majority and where the fewest of them had received proper education on work posture. In the year 2002, psychosocial wellbeing was better or equal than two years earlier. This was associated with better education and higher age even despite less workspace. Employees awareness towards noise was greatly improved. CONCLUSION: It is possible to improve work methods and work environment of employees with goal directed intervention, thus laying the ground for wellbeing at work. The interplay between the factors education and age is complex, though. Thus it is important, that all workplaces, adopt the process of "risk assessment", intervention, and then reassessment of the work environment. By doing so the goals of health promotion and good occupational health can be reached.
Tilgangur rannsóknarinnar er að gera samanburð á líðan og vinnuumhverfi starfsmanna fyrir og eftir íhlutun á vinnuumhverfi þeirra hjá Leikskólum Reykjavíkur Efniviður og aðferðir: Rannsóknin er framsýn íhlutunarrannsókn. Árið 2000 var spurningalisti lagður fyrir starfsmenn 16 leikskóla varðandi vinnuumhverfi, líðan og heilsu. Gert var vinnuumhverfismat og leikskólunum skipt í fjóra flokka. Síðan fór fram íhlutun á vinnuumhverfi með endurnýjun á aðbúnaði og starfsmannafræðslu um vinnuvernd. Hálfu ári síðar var sami spurningalisti lagður fyrir alla starfsmenn leikskólanna. Niðurstöður: Heildarsvörun árið 2002 var 88% (n=267) en 90% árið 2000. Að mati starfsfólks hefur aðbúnaður batnað á leikskólunum. Fleiri starfsmenn hafa fengið fræðslu í líkamsbeitingu og góðum vinnubrögðum árið 2002 en 2000. Færri starfsmenn nota erfiðar líkamsstellingar en áður. Þar sem líkamleg einkenni starfsmanna eru minnst er rýmið mest, meðalaldur starfsmanna lægstur, hlutfall ófaglærðra hæst og færri hafa fengið kennslu í líkamsbeitingu heldur en í hinum flokkunum. Líkamlegu einkennin eru mest þar sem faglærðir eru í meirihluta. Sálfélagsleg líðan árið 2002 er góð hjá flokkunum í heild og er jákvæðari eða stendur í stað milli ára. Sálfélagsleg líðan er hins vegar best þar sem menntun er best og starfsaldur hærri þrátt fyrir minna rými. Meðvitund starfsmanna varðandi hávaða hefur aukist til muna milli ára. Ályktun: Með íhlutun er hægt að bæta vinnuaðferðir og vinnuumhverfi starfsmanna, þannig að grundvöllur fyrir vellíðan í vinnu sé góður. Samspil þessara þátta, menntunar og starfsaldurs er þó flókið. Því er mikilvægt að allir vinnustaðir fylgi ferli áhættumats, markvissra íhlutunaraðgerða og síðan endurmats. Þannig nást markmið heilsueflingar og vinnuverndar
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http://laeknabladid.is/2007/03/nr/2714
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Icelandic Journal Articles (Peer Reviewed)

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