Líkamshreyfing 9 og 15 ára íslenskra barna í ljósi lýðheilsumarkmiða
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Issue Date
2011-02
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Physical activity of 9 and 15 year old Icelandic children - Public health objectives and relations of physical activity to gender, age, anthropometry and area of livingCitation
Læknablaðið 2011, 97(2):75-81Abstract
Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess to what degree nine and fifteen year old Icelandic children followed the national physical activity (PA) guidelines for children set forth by the Icelandic Public Health Institute, which recommend no less than 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity a day (MVPA). Material and methods: The study was conducted between September 2003 and January 2004 at eighteen randomly selected schools in the capital area of Reykjavik and towns and rural areas in the northeast. All nine years old (N=662) and fifteen years old (N=661) students were offered to participate. Half of the children were randomly chosen to partake in the PA part of the study where 176 nine-year-old and 162 fifteen-year-old children yielded usable data. We measured participants' height, weight and skinfold thickness and their PA by ActiGraph™ with respect to moderate-to-vigorous intensity (defined as counts >3400 cpm) and average volume. Results: Only 5% of 9-year-old and 9% of 15 year-old students followed the recommended PA guidelines of at least 60 minutes a day of MVPA. MVPA was positively associated with sex (being a boy) and age, but negatively associated with skinfold thickness. Those living in the capital area of Reykjavik rather than in smaller towns and rural areas were likelier to accrue more minutes of MVPA per day. Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of developing PA interventions targeting children of school age. It is important to research and evaluate different ways as to how these interventions should best be conducted. Key words: physical activity, children, body composition, accelerometers. Correspondence: Kristjan Thor Magnusson, ktm@hi.is.Tilgangur: Megintilgangur þessarar rannsóknar var að rannsaka í hvaða mæli 9 og 15 ára börn og unglingar á Íslandi uppfylltu nýlegar hreyfiráðleggingar Lýðheilsustöðvar. Efniviður og aðferðir: Rannsóknin var gerð á tímabilinu september 2003 til janúar 2004 í 18 skólum á höfuðborgarsvæðinu og í þéttbýliskjörnum og dreifbýli á Norðausturlandi sem valdir voru af handahófi. Öllum 9 ára (N=662) og 15 ára (N=661) nemendum skólanna var boðin þátttaka. Helmingur hvors árgangs var valinn, einnig af handahófi, í hreyfihluta rannsóknarinnar og skiluðu 176 9 ára og 162 15 ára nothæfum gögnum. Þátttakendur voru hæðar- og þyngdarmældir og þykkt húðfellinga mæld á fjórum stöðum. Ákefð og tímalengd hreyfingar var mæld með hröðunarmælum (ActiGraph™). Aðalútkomubreyta rannsóknarinnar, fjöldi mínúta yfir 3400 slög/mín á dag, miðaðist við neðri mörk hreyfingar af meðalerfiðri ákefð. Niðurstöður: Samkvæmt hröðunarmælum uppfylltu 5% úrtaks 9 ára barna hreyfiráðleggingar varðandi meðalerfiða og erfiða ákefð dag hvern, en tæp 9% 15 ára unglinga. Aukin hreyfing af þessari ákefð var frekar tengd strákum en stelpum, því að vera 15 ára frekar en 9 ára, að vera með minni þykkt húðfellinga en meiri, auk þess að búa á höfuðborgarsvæðinu frekar en í bæ eða strjálbýli á Norðausturlandi. Ályktanir: Niðurstöðurnar benda til þess að íhlutunar sé þörf til þess að auka meðalerfiða og erfiða hreyfingu barna á skólaaldri. Mikilvægt er að rannsaka hvaða leiðir séu færar í þeim efnum, meðal annars í samvinnu við heimili, skóla, íþróttahreyfinguna og sveitarfélög.
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