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Krabbamein í eistum á Íslandi 2000-2009 : nýgengi og lífshorfur

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Authors
Andri Wilberg Orrason
Bjarni A. Agnarsson
Guðmundur Geirsson
Helgi H.Helgason
Tómas Guðbjartsson
Issue Date
2011-03

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Other Titles
Testicular cancer in Iceland 2000-2009: Incidence and survival
Citation
Læknablaðið 2011, 97(3):143-8
Abstract
Introduction: Survival of patients with testicular germ cell tumours has improved in recent years, mainly due to new modes of chemotherapy. We analyzed incidence, staging and survival of patients diagnosed during the last ten years in Iceland and compared the results to previous studies. Materials and methods: A retrospective study including all Icelandic males diagnosed during 2000-2009. Pathology reports were reviewed and the tumours staged (Boden-Gibb). Overall survival was estimated and seminomas (ST) and non-seminomas (N-ST) compared. Results: 97 males were diagnosed, age-adjusted incidence being 5.9/100.000 males per year. The number of ST and N-ST was almost equal, and the mean age was 35.6 (range; 15-36), but patients with ST were 11.5 years older compared to N-ST. Symptoms were similar in both groups, also tumor size (4.0 cm), which did not change during the study period. Most of the tumours were in stage I, or 78.4%, 13.4% were in stage II og 8.2% in stage III-IV. ST were diagnosed at a significantly lower stage compared to N-ST (91.7 versus 65.3% in stage I; p=0.003). No distant metastases were diagnosed in patients with ST but in 8 patients with N-ST. Four patients died during the study period, two due to N-ST but no patient died because of ST. Five-year survival for the whole patient group was 95.1%. Conclusion: The incidence of testicular carcinoma in Iceland is similar to neighbouring countries and has remained fairly constant for the last two decades. At the same time the number of patients with localized disease (stage I) as well as the size of the tumours has not changed significantly. Survival in Iceland is comparable to the best results reported elsewhere.
Inngangur: Á síðustu áratugum hafa lífshorfur sjúklinga með eistnakrabbamein batnað umtalsvert, aðallega vegna tilkomu öflugra krabbameinslyfja. Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að kanna nýgengi, stigun og lífshorfur sjúklinga síðastliðin 10 ár og bera saman við eldri rannsóknir. Efniviður og aðferðir: Rannsóknin er afturskyggn og nær til allra íslenskra karla sem greindust 2000-2009. Farið var yfir meinafræðisvör og æxlin stiguð með kerfi Boden-Gibb. Heildarlífshorfur voru reiknaðar og borin saman sáðfrumukrabbamein (SFK) og ekki-sáðfrumukrabbamein (E-SFK). Niðurstöður: Alls greindust 97 karlar og var aldursstaðlað nýgengi 5,9/100.000 karla á ári. Hlutfall SFK og E-SFK var jafnt, en meðalaldur við greiningu var 35,6 ± 12,0 ár (bil 15-76 ) og var 11,5 árum hærri fyrir SFK en E-SFK. Einkenni og tímalengd einkenna voru hins vegar svipuð, einnig meðalstærð æxlanna (4,0 cm) sem hélst óbreytt á rannsóknartímabilinu. Flest æxlanna voru á stigi I, eða 78,4%, 13,4% á stigi II og 8,2% á stigum III-IV. SFK greindust á marktækt lægri stigum samanborið við E-SFK (91,7 sbr. 65,3% á stigi I; p=0,003). Engin fjarmeinvörp greindust hjá sjúklingum með SFK en hjá átta sjúklingum með E-SFK. Fjórir sjúklingar létust á rannsóknartímabilinu, tveir úr E-SFK en enginn úr SFK. Fimm ára lífshorfur fyrir allan hópinn voru 95,1%. Ályktun: Miðað við nágrannalönd er nýgengi eistnakrabbameins á Íslandi í meðallagi og hefur haldist stöðugt síðustu tvo áratugi. Á sama tímabili hefur hlutfall sjúklinga með staðbundinn sjúkdóm (stig I) lítið breyst og stærð æxlanna sömuleiðis. Lífshorfur hér á landi hafa haldist mjög góðar síðustu áratugi og eru með því hæsta sem þekkist.
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