Physician experience in addition to ACLS training does not significantly affect the outcome of prehospital cardiac arrest
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Authors
Bjornsson, Hjalti MarMarelsson, Sigurdur
Magnusson, Vidar
Sigurdsson, Gardar
Thorgeirsson, Gestur
Issue Date
2011-04
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Eur J Emerg Med. 2011, 18(2):64-7Abstract
An epithelial cell line, referred to as A163, was established from breast carcinoma derived from a patient with a strong family history of breast cancer but no known breast cancer susceptibility mutation. A163 was propagated in a serum-free culture medium including the epidermal growth factor. Immunophenotypic characterization demonstrated a mixed luminal and basal-like phenotype. When epidermal growth factor was excluded from the culture medium, A163 entered a quiescent period followed by a period of increased cell proliferation in a subpopulation of the cells. The epidermal growth factor-independent subpopulation retained the basal-like phenotype of the parental cell line. Karyotype and fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis showed an amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor on 7q in A163-S1 only, resulting in high expression of total and phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor. The A163-S1 sub-line piles up in culture, indicating a loss of contact inhibition. When grown on transwell filters, A163 shows basal expression of P63 and cytokeratin 14, whereas A163-S1 expresses P63 ubiquitously, and has lost the basal specific expression of cytokeratin 14, indicating a loss of polarity. Furthermore, when cultured in reconstituted basement membrane matrix, A163 form polarized normal like acini. In contrast, A163-S1 form large disorganized structures with lack of polarity. These cell lines may prove useful to understand molecular changes in breast cancer progression, in particular basal-like breast cancer subtype with bad prognosis and no current treatment options.Description
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MEJ.0b013e32833c6642ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1097/MEJ.0b013e32833c6642
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