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Hversu algeng er langvinn lungnateppa? : íslensk faraldsfræðirannsókn

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Authors
Bryndís Benediktsdóttir
Gunnar Guðmundsson
Kristín Bára Jörundsdóttir
William Vollmer
Þórarinn Gíslason
Issue Date
2007-06-01

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Other Titles
Prevalence of COPD in Iceland-the ISOLD study
Citation
Læknablaðið 2007, 93(6):471-7
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Iceland and possible risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This Icelandic survey is a part of an international study (www.BOLDCOPD.org). The target population consisted of a simple random sample taken among all non-institutionalized Icelanders 40 years and older living in Reykjavik and adjacent suburbs (n=938). Participants were subjected to a structured interview based on questionnaires on respiratory diseases, symptoms, life style and possible risk factors. They also underwent a spirometry that was repeated after inhalation of a bronchodilating agent. COPD stage I, or higher, was defined according to the GOLD staging (www.goldcopd.org) based on chronic airflow limitation (FEV1/FVC 70%) persisting after inhaled bronchodilator. RESULTS: Full participation was by 755 (80.5%). Altogether 18.0 % of the participants fulfilled criteria for COPD, GOLD stage I or higher and 9.0 % for GOLD stage II or higher. There were proportionally more young females (40-49 years) than males diagnosed with COPD GOLD stage I or higher (8.1% compared to 4.8%), even though there was no difference in total prevalence between males and females. The prevalence of COPD increased with increasing age and the amount of tobacco smoked. Only a part of those fulfilling criteria for COPD had been diagnosed by doctors. CONCLUSION: Our results show a high prevalence of COPD among Icelanders 40 years and older when internationally accepted criteria and methods are used. These results are useful for heath authorities when planning and giving priority in our future health care system.
Tilgangur: Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að kanna algengi og mögulega áhrifaþætti langvinnrar lungnateppu meðal Íslendinga á höfuðborgarsvæðinu. Efniviður og aðferðir: Um er að ræða hluta af fjölþjóðarannsókn (www.BOLDCOPD.org) þar sem val á efnivið og aðferðir eru staðlaðar. Rannsóknarhópurinn var slembiúrtak þeirra Íslendinga á höfuðborgarsvæðinu sem voru 40 ára og eldri og voru ekki á stofnun (n=938). Þátttakendur svöruðu stöðluðum spurningarlistum um öndunarfæraeinkenni, lífsstíl og áhættuþætti. Gert var blásturspróf sem varð að uppfylla strangar gæðakröfur og var það endurtekið eftir gjöf berkjuvíkkandi lyfs. Lungnateppustig I eða hærra samkvæmt skilgreiningu GOLD var skilgreint samkvæmt alþjóðaviðmiðun ef teppa var á blástursprófi (FEV1/FVC <70%). Niðurstöður: Þátttakendur voru alls 755 (80,5%). Reyndist 18,0 % með stig I af eða hærra, en þar af voru 9,0 % með stig II eða hærra. Hlutfallslega voru mun fleiri ungar (40-49 ára) konur en karlar sem voru með langvinna lungnateppu (8,1% á móti 4.8%), en ekki var munur á heildaralgengi karla og kvenna. Algengi fór vaxandi með hækkandi aldri og umfangi tóbaksreykinga. Aðeins hluti þeirra sem uppfylltu skilmerki höfðu áður greinst með sjúkdóminn. Ályktun: Niðurstöður okkar sýna háa tíðni langvinnrar lungnateppu meðal Íslendinga 40 ára og eldri þegar fylgt er alþjóðlega viðurkenndum og samræmdum vísindavinnubrögðum. Upplýsingarnar geta nýst heilbrigðisyfirvöldum til þess að forgangsraða verkefnum í heilbrigðisþjónustu
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