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Að gagnreyna eigin störf og stétt : samþætting rannsóknarniðurstaðna um iðjuþjálfun á Íslandi

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Authors
Guðrún Pálmadóttir
Útgáfudagur
2004

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Iðjuþjálfinn 2004, 26(1):14-23
Útdráttur
The purpose of this article is to critically analyze the position and role of occupational therapy in Icelandic society. Results from several studies undertaken by occupational therapists and occupational therapy students are integrated with the author's own data in order to clarify issues concerning the profession and its practice. Results are presented under four main headings; the profession of occupational therapy, occupational therapy practice environment, occupational therapy practice, and outcome of occupational therapy service. A conclusion is made about occupational therapy as a young and growing profession with strong commitment to practice and professional behavior. Most occupational therapists work within traditional health institutions, however their role in primary health care, social service, and schools is steadily growing. Their largest client group is people with physical disabilities, but the trend is clear towards increasing service provided to varied populations. Occupational therapists form positive therapeutic relationships with their clients, but may need to further develop their skills for client-centred and evidence-based practice. Generally, clients are satisfied with the service provided and experience it as enabling in daily life functioning. Results are discussed in relation to international research and theoretical considerations.
Tilgangur greinarinnar er að skoða með gagnrýnu hugarfari stöðu og hlutverk iðjuþjálfunar á Íslandi. Með því að samþætta rannsóknarniðurstöður um iðjuþjálfafagið er leitast við að svara spurningum um einkenni iðjuþjálfastéttarinnar, störf hennar og starfsumhverfi og hver sé árangurinn af þjónustu iðjuþjálfa. Notaðar eru niðurstöður frá meistararannsóknum iðjuþjálfa, BS-verkefnum iðjuþjálfanema og rannsóknum höfundar. Fjallað er um niðurstöðurnar undir yfirheitunum iðjuþjálfastéttin, starfsumhverfi iðjuþjálfa, iðjuþjálfastarfið og árangur af þjónustu iðjuþjálfa. Í samantekt er dregin sú ályktun að iðjuþjálfun sé ung og ört vaxandi stétt þar sem almennur vilji og áhugi á fagmennsku er ríkjandi. Flestir iðjuþjálfar starfa innan hefðbundinna heilbrigðisstofnana, en hlutverk þeirra innan heilsugæslu, félags- og skólaþjónustu fer vaxandi. Fullorðnir með líkamleg heilsufarsvandmál er stærsti notendahópurinn og þjónusta iðjuþjálfa við aðra hópa er í örum vexti. Iðjuþjálfar mynda jákvæð tengsl við skjólstæðinga sína, en vísbendingar eru um að þá skorti meiri leikni í að veita skjólstæðingsmiðaða og gagnreynda þjónustu. Skjólstæðingar eru alla jafna ánægðir með þá þjónustu sem þeir fá og finnst hún hjálpa til að takast á við hið daglega líf. Niðurstöðurnar eru skoðaðar í tengslum við erlendar rannsóknir og hugmyndafræðilegar forsendur.
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