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Authors
Málfríður LorangeKristín Kristmundsdóttir
Guðmundur Skarphéðinsson
Björg Sigríður Hermannsdóttir
Linda Björk Oddsdóttir
Dagbjörg B. Sigurðardóttir
Issue Date
2012-01
Metadata
Show full item recordOther Titles
Relationship between pre-adoptive risk factors and psychopathological difficulties of internationally adopted children in IcelandCitation
Læknablaðið 2012, 98(1):19-23Abstract
OBJECTIVE: In recent years a number of children have been adopted to Iceland. The aim of our study was to evaluate which factors may affect their mental and behavioural health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Information was collected on the health of internationally adopted children in Iceland as well as on pre-adoptive risk factors. This was done using a survey developed by Dr. Dana Johnson from the International Adoption Project at the University of Minnesota in the United States. Other questionnaires include the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Strenghts and Difficulties Questionnaires (SDQ), Attention Deficit/Hyper activity Rating Scale (ADHD-RS-IV) and Austism Spectrum Screening Questionaire (ASSQ). For the comparative analysis data from the general population was used. RESULTS: Children adopted after 18 months of age and who have been institutionalised for 18 months or more showed higher risk for ADHD symptoms and behavioral and emotional problems than the general population. In addition, those who were subject to severe emotional neglect had significantly higher scores on CBCL, SDQ and ADHD-RS. A trend was seen between risk factors and scores on ASSQ. Children adopted before 12 months of age scored within the normal range on all questionnaires. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that children adopted after 18 months of age are at risk of psychopathological difficulties. These results emphasize the importance of early adoption and of minimizing the time spent in an institution.Inngangur: Undanfarin ár hafa allmörg börn verið ættleidd til Íslands. Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að kanna hvaða áhættuþættir geta haft áhrif á andlega líðan og hegðun barna ættleiddra erlendis frá. Efniviður og aðferðir: Upplýsingum var safnað um áhættuþætti fyrir ættleiðingu, andlega líðan og hegðunarvanda hjá börnum ættleiddum erlendis frá. Notaður var yfirgripsmikill spurningalisti um þetta efni sem var þróaður af Dana Johnson, lækni hjá Háskólanum í Minnesóta í Bandaríkunum. Einnig voru lagðir fyrir eftirfarandi staðlaðir hegðunarmatslistar: Spurningalisti um atferli barna (CBCL), Spurningalisti um styrk og vanda (SDQ), Ofvirknikvarðinn (ADHD-RS-IV) og Einhverfumatslistinn (ASSQ). Listarnir hafa áður verið staðlaðir við almennt þýði. Niðurstöður: Börn ættleidd eftir 18 mánaða aldur og þau sem hafa dvalið á stofnun lengur en fyrstu 18 mánuði lífsins eru í aukinni áhættu á að sýna einkenni athyglisbrests með ofvirkni og hegðunar- og tilfinningavanda en almennt þekkist. Auk þess skora þau börn sem talin eru hafa sætt alvarlegri tilfinningalegri vanrækslu marktækt hærra á hegðunar og tilfinningamatslistunum en þekkist í almennu þýði. Tilhneiging í þá veru sást einnig á skori á einhverfumatslistanum. Þau börn sem voru ættleidd fyrir 12 mánaða aldur skoruðu sambærilega við almennt þýði á öllum matslistum. Ályktun: Niðurstöðurnar benda til þess að börnum sem eru ættleidd eftir 18 mánaða aldur sé hættara við tilfinninga- og hegðunarvanda samanborið við almennt þýði. Niðurstöðurnar styðja að leggja beri áherslu á að börn sem eru ættleidd erlendis frá til Íslands komist sem fyrst til kjörforeldra sinna og dveljist sem styst á stofnun.
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