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Reynsla fólks af því að vera aðstandandi sjúklings sem hefur nýlega veikst af heilablóðfalli og dvelur á sjúkradeild

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Authors
Klara Þorsteinsdóttir
Issue Date
2008-06-09T11:11:35Z

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Other Titles
The experience of being relative to patient who has recently had stroke and is hotpitalised
Citation
Tímarit hjúkrunarfræðinga 2008, 84(2):48-55
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to explore the experience of being a close relative of patients who have recently had stroke and are still staying at hospital for rehabilitation. According to literature, the unpredictable nature of stroke can result in uncertainty and various changes in the family. Researches implicate that relatives need support from health professionals and want them to understand their desire to care for the patient. The research was qualitative and was based on van Manen’s phenomenological approach. Seven participants were interviewed, five women and two men, aged 50-80, who all considered themselves to be the patients’ closest relative. The main results are: The relatives experience insecurity and vulnerability because of the illness, and are torn between the desire to care for the patient and their sometimes lack of ability to do so, because they are expected to care for the patient at home. That causes some of the relatives to experience health related problems. They wish to express their experience of the illness to professionals, and they also wish to see the hospital as their own place. The relatives deal with the insecurity by striving to see the illness, the caring and the uncertainty as normal and a part of everyday family life, acting according to their knowledge of their loved ones and their expectations of the future. Support from family and health professionals is of importance to the relatives during these times of changes. The results indicate that the experience of relatives can enrich the understanding of nurses of how they can support relatives and the patient properly to manage caring and other daily activities. Keywords: Stroke, family life, care, cooperation, phenomenology.
Tilgangur þessarar rannsóknar var að varpa ljósi á reynslu fólks af því að vera aðstandandi sjúklings sem hefur nýlega fengið heilablóðfall og dvelur enn á sjúkradeild til endurhæfingar. Komið hefur fram í rannsóknum að horfur heilablóðfallssjúklinga eru oft óútreiknanlegar og að heilablóðfalli getur fylgt óvissa og breytingar á aðstæðum fjölskyldna. Jafnframt hefur komið fram að aðstandendur þarfnast stuðnings frá heilbrigðisstarfsfólki og skilnings á að þá langi til að taka þátt í umönnun sjúklings. Rannsóknin var eigindleg og byggðist á fyrirbærafræðilegum tökum van Manen. Tekin voru viðtöl við sjö þátttakendur, fimm konur og tvo karla á aldrinum 50-80 ára sem töldu sig nánustu aðstandendur sjúklinganna. Helstu niðurstöður eru eftirfarandi: Aðstandendur upplifa óöryggi og varnarleysi vegna veikinda sjúklings. Þeir finna fyrir togstreitu milli löngunar til að annast sjúkling, og misjafnra aðstæðna og getu til þess, þar sem starfsfólk gerir ráð fyrir að þeir taki að sér umönnun þegar heim er komið. Það reynist sumum aðstandendum heilsufarslega erfitt. Þeir vilja geta tjáð sig um reynslu sína við fagfólk og að geta litið á sjúkradeildina sem sinn stað. Aðstandendur taka á óörygginu með því að flétta veikindin inn í daglegt líf sitt og líta á þau, umönnunina og þá óvissu, sem fylgir, sem eðlilegan hluta fjölskyldulífsins. Þar hefur fólk að leiðarljósi þekkingu á sínum nánustu og hvernig framtíðin blasir við. Stuðningur innan fjölskyldu og frá fagfólki er aðstandendum mikilvægur í þessum breytingum. Niðurstöður gefa vísbendingar um að reynsla aðstandenda sé til þess fallin að auka skilning hjúkrunarfræðinga á því hvernig þeir geti sem best stutt aðstandendur og sjúkling við umönnun og önnur viðfangsefni daglegs lífs.
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