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Issue Date
2013-03
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Health policy interventions: the pathway to public health.Citation
Læknablaðið 2013, 99(3):129-34Abstract
Langvinnir sjúkdómar eru algengasta orsök ótímabærra dauðsfalla í heiminum og helsta ógn samtímans við efnahagslega og félagslega framþróun á þessari öld.1,2 Þessir sjúkdómar eiga rót í óheilbrigðum lífsstíl, svo sem reykingum, óhollu mataræði, hreyfingarleysi og ofneyslu áfengis.3 Þetta leiðir til háþrýstings, offitu, sykursýki og langvinnrar lungnateppu svo dæmi séu tekin. Sýnt hefur verið fram á að með lýðgrunduðum inngripum má draga verulega úr helstu áhættuþáttum langvinnra sjúkdóma meðal þjóðarinnar.4 Til þess þarf markvissa stefnumörkun sem tekur mið af þeim vísindalegu rökum sem fyrir liggja. Þannig má draga úr ótímabærum dauðsföllum og veikindum af völdum þessara sjúkdóma.Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are currently the main cause of premature death and disability in the world. Most of these NCDs are due to unhealthy lifestyle choices i.e. tobacco, unhealthy diet, lack of physical exercise and alcohol consumption. Studies have shown that health policy interventions aiming at improving diet and physical activity and reducing tobacco consumption are inexpensive, effective and cost saving. In this paper we address the political health policy interventions that have been shown to improve public health. We discuss some of the theories of behavioral economics which explain the processes involved in our every-day choices regarding lifestyle and diet.
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