Algengi og þýðing óeðlilegs hjartalínurits hjá íslenskum knattapyrnumönnum.
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Útgáfudagur
2013-06
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Prevalence of abnormal electrocardiographic patterns in Icelandic soccer players and relationship with echocardiographic findings.Citation
Læknablaðið 2013, 99(6):283-7Útdráttur
Óeðlilegt hjartarit er algengt meðal ungra íþróttamanna en þýðing þessa er óljós. Því er óvíst hversu gagnlegt hjartarit er við skimun fyrir áhættuþáttum skyndidauða meðal afreksíþróttamanna. Markmið rannsóknarinnar voru: 1) Að meta algengi óeðlilegs hjartarits meðal íslenskra knattspyrnumanna, sérstaklega með tilliti til aldurs og 2) að bera hjartarit saman við niðurstöður hjartaómskoðana. Rannsóknin var afturvirk og tók til knattspyrnumanna á Íslandi sem tóku þátt í Evrópukeppni karla á árunum 2008-2010. Þessir leikmenn gengust undir nákvæma læknisskoðun, hjartarit og hjarta-ómskoðun samkvæmt kröfum Evrópska knattspyrnusambandsins (UEFA). Farið var yfir rannsóknarniðurstöður 159 knattspyrnumanna á aldrinum 16-45 ára (meðalaldur 25,5 ár). Notast var við staðla og viðmið European Society of Cardiology og American Society of Niðurstöður: Alls höfðu 84 knattspyrnumenn (53%) óeðlilegt hjartarit. Algengi óeðlilegs hjartarits fór lækkandi með aldri. Hjartaómskoðun sýndi að veggþykkt, massi og þvermál vinstri slegils jókst með aldri svo og þvermál vinstri gáttar. Enginn munur var á veggþykkt, massa og þvermáli vinstri slegils eða þvermáli vinstri gáttar milli þeirra sem höfðu eðlilegt eða óeðlilegt hjartarit. Tíðni óeðlilegs hjartarits hjá íslenskum knattspyrnumönnum er há en bendir yfirleitt ekki til undirliggjandi hjartasjúkdóms. Tíðnin fer lækkandi með aldri. Hjartarit hefur ekki forspárgildi fyrir breytingar á veggþykkt eða þvermáli vinstri slegils. Há tíðni óeðlilegs hjartarits meðal yngstu einstaklinganna dregur úr gagnsemi hjartarita við skimun fyrir hættu á skyndidauða.An abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) is common among young athletes but the underlying cause is unclear. Therefore it is hard to predict how accurate ECG is when screening for sudden cardiac death (SCD) in elite athletes. Objective: 1) to determine the prevalence of abnormal ECG patterns, among soccer players, especially in relation to age and 2) to link ECG patterns with echocardiographic findings in order to find out whether the ECG can predict disease and/or physiological changes. A total of 159 male soccer players (16-45 years, mean age 25.5 years) that participated in the UEFA cup competition 2008-2010 were studied. They underwent both an ECG and echocardiography along with routine history and cardiologic examination, according to UEFA protocol. Results were classified and grouped according to standards set by The European Society of Cardiology and The American Society of Echocardiography. Results: 84 (53%) had abnormal ECG patterns. The prevalence of abnormal ECG patterns decreased with age. Echocardiographic findings showed that left ventricular wall thickness, mass and diameter increased with age, along with left atrial diameter. Left ventricular wall thickness, diameter and mass were similar among those with an abnormal ECG and those with a normal ECG. Conclusion: The prevalence of abnormal ECG´s is high in Icelandic soccer players, a finding that usually does not indicate underlying heart disease. There was no relationship between ECG changes and echocardiographic findings. High prevalance of abnormal ECG patterns in young athletes reduces the usefulness of ECG in screening for SCD.
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