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Issue Date
2000-06-01
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Hyperkinetic disorder. A reviewCitation
Læknablaðið 2000, 86(6):413-19Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or hyperkinetic disorder is a clinically defined syndrome characterised by age inappropriate deficits in sustained attention, impulsivity and overactivity. Despite extensive investigation, a specific neuroanatomical, physiological, biochemical, or psychological origin has not been identified. Diagnosis is based on detailed medical and developmental history, symptom rating scales, psychological assessment and medical evaluation. Increases in diagnosis and treatment of the disorder have elicited public and professional concern. The main focus in this article is on this disorder in children and adolescents and includes practical information on assessment and treatment. Other disorders, which may be either comorbid with or mistaken for hyperkinetic disorder, are reviewed in less detail.Ofvirkniröskun er heilkenni einkenna á sviði hreyfiofvirkni, hvatvísi og athyglisbrests sem eru í ósamræmi við aldur og þroska. Þrátt fyrir aukna þekkingu á líffræðilegum og sálfræðilegum þáttum röskunarinnar hefur ekki tekist að finna sértæka orsök. Við greiningu er nákvæm sjúkrasaga mikilvæg en einnig er stuðst við staðlaða einkennamatskvarða, sálfræðilegt mat og læknisfræðilega skoðun. Aukning í greiningu og meðferð röskunarinnar hefur verið til umræðu, bæði meðal almennings og fagfólks. Í þessari yfirlitsgrein er reynt að gera röskuninni skil á sem hagnýtastan hátt, bæði varðandi greiningu og meðferð en ekki er farið nákvæmlega í fylgiraskanir eða mismunagreiningar.
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