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Nýgengi og meðferð utanlegsþykktar á Íslandi 2000-2009.

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Authors
Áslaug Baldvinsdóttir
Jens A Guðmundsson
Reynir Tómas Geirsson
Útgáfudagur
2013

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Önnur málmynd
Incidence and management of ectopic pregnancy in Iceland 2000-2009.
Citation
Læknablaðið 2013, 99 (12):565-570
Útdráttur
Utanlegsþykkt getur verið lífshættulegt sjúkdómsástand og meðhöndlun hennar hefur tekið breytingum undanfarna tvo áratugi. Tilgangur rannsóknarinnar var að meta nýgengi og meðhöndlun utanlegsþykktar á Íslandi á áratugnum 2000-2009. Upplýsinga var aflað um öll greind tilvik utanlegsþykktar, meðferðarstað, meðferðartegund og legutíma. Nýgengi var reiknað miðað við fjölda skráðra þungana á almanaksári (n/1000), fjölda kvenna á frjósemisaldri 15-44 ára (n/10000) og í 5 ára aldurshópum. Breytingar á nýgengi, meðferð, aðgerðartækni og legutíma voru kannaðar. Gerður var samanburður á 5 ára tímabilunum 2000-2004 og 2005-2009. Fjöldi greindra utanlegsþykkta á 10 árum var 836, eða 444 árin 2000-2004 og 392 árin 2005-2009. Meðaltal nýgengis var 15,6/1000 skráðar þunganir, eða 12,9/10000 konur á ári. Lækkun var á nýgengi allt tímabilið og milli 5 ára tímabila úr 17,3 í 14,1/1000 þunganir (p=0,003) og 14,1 í 11,7/10000 konur á ári (p<0,01). Skurðaðgerð var fyrsta meðferð hjá 94,9% kvenna, en 3,2% fengu metótrexat og 1,9% biðmeðhöndlun. Hlutfall aðgerða lækkaði úr 98,0% í 91,3% milli 5 ára tímabila samhliða aukinni notkun lyfjameðferðar (0,4% í 6,4%, p<0,0001). Hlutfall kviðsjáraðgerða jókst milli 5 ára tímabila á öllu landinu úr 80,5% í 91,1% (p<0,0001); á Landspítala úr 91,3% í 98,1% (p<0,001) og á sjúkrastofnunum á landsbyggðinni úr 44,0% í 69,3% (p<0,001). Meðallega eftir opna skurðaðgerð var 3,2 dagar en eftir kviðsjáraðgerð 0,9 dagar. Ályktanir: Nýgengi utanlegsþykktar hefur lækkað eins og í nálægum löndum. Meðhöndlun hefur breyst með aukinni notkun kviðsjáraðgerða í stað opinna skurðaðgerða og tilkomu metótrexat-lyfjameðferðar.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ectopic pregnancy can be life-threatening. Its treatment has changed radically during the last two decades. The study objective was to evaluate incidence and treatment of ectopic pregnancy in the Icelandic population during the decade 2000-2009. Material and methods: Information was collected about all diagnosed cases, place and method of treatment and admissions. The annual incidence was calculated with reference to number of pregnancies (n/1000), number of women aged 15-44 years (n/10 000) and by 5-year age groups, comparing the periods 2000-2004 and 2005-2009. Results: The number of ectopic pregnancies during these 10 years was 836, or 444 during the years 2000-2004 and 392 during 2005-2009. The average annual incidence was 15.6/1000 pregnancies and 12.9/10 000 women. There was an annual incidence reduction from 17.3 to 14.1/1000 pregnancies (p<0.01) and 14.1 to 11.7/10 000 women (p<0.01). Surgery was the primary treatment for 94.9% of women, methotrexate in 3.2% and expectant management in 1.9%. Surgical management decreased from 98.0% to 91.3% between 5-year periods as medical treatment increased (0.4% to 6.4%; p<0.0001). The proportion of laparoscopic procedures increased from 80.5% to 91.1% (p<0.0001). In the university referral hospital this changed from 91.3% to 98.1% (p<0.001) and in rural hospitals from 44.0% to 69.3% (p<0.001). Mean hospital stay after open surgery was 3.2 days, but 0.9 days after laparoscopy. The incidence reduction of ectopic pregnancy is comparable to the development in neighbouring countries. Management has changed with increased use of laparoscopic surgery, medical and expectant treatment.
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