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Mat á þunglyndi aldraðra : þunglyndismat fyrir aldraða - íslensk gerð Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)

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Authors
Margrét Valdimarsdóttir
Jón Eyjólfur Jónsson
Sif Einarsdóttir
Kristinn Tómasson
Issue Date
2000-05-01

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Other Titles
Validation of an Icelandic version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)
Citation
Læknablaðið 2000, 86(5):344-48
Abstract
Objective: The GDS is a widely used tool world wide, both in clinical practice and in research of the elderly. The objective was to translate and validate the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) in Iceland. The short version of the GDS was also studied. Material and methods: GDS was translated from English to Icelandic and backtranslated. Individuals, both hospitalised and healthy, born 1933 or before were included in the study. Those who had MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination) score under 23 were excluded. Seventy-one individuals were examined for depression both with a structured interview, Composite International Diagnostic Interview; 1993 (CIDI-a) and with the GDS. Results: The GDS results were comparable to the results from the interview. The cutoff score for depression was chosen 13/14 according to the most favorable values of sensitivity (0.77), specificity (0.95), positive predictive value (0.77) and kappa (0.72). One cutoff was chosen because in our study there were persons with moderate or severe depression but no one with mild depression was detected. Our cutoff score for depression was identical with the cutoff score in the original american GDS version, but the original american version included a cutoff for mild depression also. Conclusions: The Icelandic GDS is a reliable method to screen for depression among the elderly. We conclude that GDS is an useful tool in unravelling depressive illness amongst the elderly although not diagnostic per se.
Markmið: Tilgangur rannsóknarinnar var að þýða og staðfæra Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) spurningalistann, en hann gefur vísbendingu um þunglyndi aldraðra og er mikið notaður erlendis bæði við lækningar og rannsóknir. Listinn samanstendur af 30 spurningum og er þægilegur í notkun, þar sem sjúklingurinn krossar við já eða nei eftir því sem við á. Stytt útgáfa GDS byggist á 15 af spurningum löngu útgáfunnar. Efniviður og aðferðir: GDS var þýddur yfir á íslensku og aftur yfir á ensku. Einstaklingar fæddir 1933 eða fyrr voru valdir til þátttöku í rannsókninni. Sjúklingar með heilabilun voru útilokaðir með MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination) prófi. Að lokum var 71 einstaklingur á aldrinum 65-87 ára metinn með tilliti til þunglyndis, annars vegar með stöðluðu geðgreiningarviðtali (CIDI-a, Composite International Diagnostic Interview; 1993) þar sem stuðst var við greiningu á þunglyndi samkvæmt alþjóðlegri tölfræðiflokkun sjúkdóma og skyldra heilbrigðisvandamála, 10. endurskoðuðu útgáfu, ICD 10 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision), og DSM III (Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 3. útgáfa) og hins vegar með GDS spurningalistanum. Niðurstöður: Niðurstöður sem fengnar voru með GDS spurningalistanum voru sambærilegar við niðurstöður úr viðtali. Viðmiðunargildi 13/14 var valið samkvæmt hagstæðustu gildum á næmi (0,77), sértæki (0,95), jákvæðu forspárgildi (0,77) og kappa (0,72). Í rannsókninni greindust 13 einstkalingar með meðalalvarlegt og alvarlegt þunglyndi, en enginn með vægt þunglyndi. Ályktun: Íslensk útgáfa GDS er áreiðanleg aðferð til að leita að þunglyndi hjá öldruðum
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