Average rating
Cast your vote
You can rate an item by clicking the amount of stars they wish to award to this item.
When enough users have cast their vote on this item, the average rating will also be shown.
Star rating
Your vote was cast
Thank you for your feedback
Thank you for your feedback
Issue Date
2014-07
Metadata
Show full item recordOther Titles
Needle Exchange Programs are a cost-effective preventative measure against HIV in Iceland.Citation
Læknablaðið 100 (7):379-383Abstract
Árið 2007 varð snögg aukning á HIV-smitum meðal sprautufíkla á Íslandi. Frá 2007-2011 greindust 34 HIV-nýsmit meðal sprautufíkla samanborið við fjögur nýsmit árin 2002-2006. Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að meta hvort nálaskiptiþjónusta væri kostnaðarhagkvæm forvörn gegn HIV meðal sprautufíkla á Íslandi. Efniviður og aðferðir: Kostnaðarnytjagreining var gerð út frá samfélagslegu sjónarhorni. Verðlagsár greiningarinnar er 2011 og við núvirðingu var miðað við 3% afvöxtunarstuðul. Borið var saman 10 ára tímabil, 2011-2020 með og án nálaskiptiþjónustu. Kostnaðarnytjahlutfall var reiknað út frá kostnaði á hvert lífsgæðavegið lífár. Næmisgreining var gerð á öllum helstu forsendum. Niðurstöður: Heildarkostnaður samfélagsins vegna HIV-sýkinga sprautufíkla á tímabilinu 2011-2020 var áætlaður 914.369.621 kr. án nálaskiptiþjónustu en 947.653.758 kr með nálaskiptiþjónustu. Umframkostnaður samfélagsins vegna nálaskiptiþjónustu á tímabilinu er því 33.284.137 kr. Nyt samfélagsins af nálaskiptiþjónustu eru 7,39 lífsgæðavegin lífár. Jafnframt kemur nálaskiptiþjónusta í veg fyrir 4-5 HIV-sýkingar á tímabilinu. Kostnaðarnytjahlutfallið af því að veita nálaskiptiþjónustu í stað engrar er 4.506.720 kr. Ályktanir: Samkvæmt viðmiði Alþjóðaheilbrigðisstofnunarinnar er aðgerð kostnaðarvirk ef hún skilar einu lífsgæðavegnu lífári fyrir minna en þrefalda verga landsframleiðslu á einstakling á ári. Árið 2011 var þreföld árleg verg landsframleiðsla á íbúa á Íslandi 15.329.757 kr. Næmisgreining á helstu forsendum skilaði kostnaði innan þessara marka. Nálaskiptiþjónusta er kostnaðarvirk forvörn gegn útbreiðslu HIV meðal sprautufíkla á Íslandi.Objective: In 2007 there was a sudden increase in HIV cases among intravenous drug users (IDUs) in Iceland. In 2007 - 2011 there were 34 new HIV cases among IDUs compared to four in the previous four year period. The purpose of this study was to assess whether needle exchange programs (NEPs) were cost-effective in preventing the spread of HIV among IDUs in Iceland. Materials and methods: Cost-utility analysis was conducted from a societal perspective. Costs are presented at the 2011 price level and values were discounted using a 3% discount rate. A ten year period, 2011 - 2020 was compared with and without NEPs. The Incremental Cost-Utility Ratio (ICUR) was calculated as societal cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY). Sensitivity analysis was performed on study assumptions. Results: The estimated societal costs associated with HIV infections among IDUs from 2011 - 2020 was 914.369.621 ISK without NEP and 947.653.758 ISK with NEP. Excess societal cost due to NEP was 33.284.137 ISK. Societal utility from NEP was 7,39 QALYs. Additionally, NEP prevented 4-5 HIV infections. The ICUR of providing NEP was 4.506.720 ISK. Conclusion: According to WHO an intervention is considered cost-effective if the ICUR is less than three-fold national GDP per capita. In 2011 the GDP per capita in Iceland was 15.315.000 ISK. Sensitivity analysis on study assumptions yielded a societal cost within the WHO limit. Therefore, the results indicate that NEPs are cost-effective in preventing the spread of HIV among IDUs in Iceland.
Description
Efst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinnRights
openAccessCollections
Related articles
- Estimating the cost-effectiveness of needle-syringe programs in Australia.
- Authors: Kwon JA, Anderson J, Kerr CC, Thein HH, Zhang L, Iversen J, Dore GJ, Kaldor JM, Law MG, Maher L, Wilson DP
- Issue date: 2012 Nov 13
- An economic analysis of needle exchange and pharmacy-based programs to increase sterile syringe availability for injection drug users.
- Authors: Lurie P, Gorsky R, Jones TS, Shomphe L
- Issue date: 1998
- The impact of needle-exchange programs on the spread of HIV among injection drug users: a simulation study.
- Authors: Raboud JM, Boily MC, Rajeswaran J, O'Shaughnessy MV, Schechter MT
- Issue date: 2003 Jun
- Cost-Effectiveness of Combined Sexual and Injection Risk Reduction Interventions among Female Sex Workers Who Inject Drugs in Two Very Distinct Mexican Border Cities.
- Authors: Burgos JL, Patterson TL, Graff-Zivin JS, Kahn JG, Rangel MG, Lozada MR, Staines H, Strathdee SA
- Issue date: 2016
- The role of needle exchange programs in HIV prevention.
- Authors: Vlahov D, Junge B
- Issue date: 1998 Jun