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Whole grain rye intake, reflected by a biomarker, is associated with favorable blood lipid outcomes in subjects with the metabolic syndrome--a randomized study.

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Authors
Magnusdottir, Ola Kally
Landberg, Rikard
Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjorg
Cloetens, Lieselotte
Åkesson, Björn
Rosqvist, Fredrik
Schwab, Ursula
Herzig, Karl-Heinz
Hukkanen, Janne
Savolainen, Markku J
Brader, Lea
Hermansen, Kjeld
Kolehmainen, Marjukka
Poutanen, Kaisa
Uusitupa, Matti
Risérus, Ulf
Thorsdottir, Inga
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Issue Date
2014

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PLoS ONE 2014, 9 (10):e110827
Abstract
Few studies have explored the possible plasma cholesterol lowering effects of rye consumption. The aim of this secondary analysis in the SYSDIET study was to investigate the association between plasma alkylresorcinols (AR), a biomarker for whole grain wheat and rye intake, and blood lipid concentrations in a population with metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, we analyzed the associations between the AR C17:0/C21:0 ratio, a suggested marker of the relative intake of whole grain/bran rye, and blood lipid concentrations.
Participants were 30-65 years of age, with body mass index (BMI) 27-40 kg/m2 and had metabolic syndrome. Individuals were recruited through six centers in the Nordic countries and randomized either to a healthy Nordic diet (ND, n = 93), rich in whole grain rye and wheat, as well as berries, fruits and vegetables, rapeseed oil, three fish meals per week and low-fat dairy products, or a control diet (n = 65) for 18/24 weeks. Associations between total plasma AR concentration and C17:0/C21:0 homologue ratio and blood lipids were investigated in pooled (ND + control group) regression analyses at 18/24 weeks adjusted for baseline value for the dependent variable, age, BMI and statin use.
When adjusted for confounders, total plasma AR at 18/24 weeks was not significantly associated with blood lipids but the AR ratio C17:0/C21:0 was inversely associated with LDL cholesterol concentrations (B (95% CI): -0.41 (-0.80 to -0.02)), log LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio (-0.20 (-0.37 to -0.03)), log non-HDL cholesterol (-0.20 (-0.37 to -0.03)), log apolipoprotein B (-0.12 (-0.24 to 0.00)) and log triglyceride concentrations (-0.35 (-0.59 to -0.12)).
Increased proportion of whole grain rye, reflected by a biomarker, in the diet is associated with favorable blood lipid outcomes, a relationship that should be further investigated.
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00992641.
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To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked Files. This article is open access.
Additional Links
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110827
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4207773/
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openAccess
ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1371/journal.pone.0110827
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English Journal Articles (Peer Reviewed)

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