Faraldsfræðileg rannsókn á starfrænum einkennum frá meltingarvegi hjá Íslendingum
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Issue Date
2005-04-01
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Epidemiological study of functional bowel disorders in IcelandCitation
Læknablaðið 2005, 91(4):329-33Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of functional bowel disorders (FBD) in a population-based sample and to assess FBD-related health care seeking and medication in Iceland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A self-report questionnaire was sent to a random sample of 2000 inhabitants, 18-75 years of age. The questionnaire addressed 46 gastrointestinal symptoms and 42 other health related, sociodemographic and psychosomatic symptom items. The questionnaire classified subjects into two symptom categories, dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome. RESULTS: The response rate was 67% which represents 1% of the 18-75 year old population of Iceland. Dyspepsia in the year prior to the study was reported by 17.8% who had symptoms that were defined as moderate or severe (15.3% male, 20% female). Based on the Manning Criteria, which define IBS as having two or more abdominal symptoms out of six at least six times in the previous year in addition to abdominal pain, the crude prevalence of IBS was 30.9% (25.3% men, 35.8% women) (Chi2=15.77, p<0.05). Both symptom categories were more common in women and the prevalence decreased with age. No correlation with socioeconomic status was found. There was more than 90% overlap between the two diagnostic categories. Irritable bowel syndrome was found to be associated with depression, appendectomy and dysmenorrhea. CONCLUSIONS: This population-based study shows a high prevalence of functional bowel disorders in Iceland and higher than reported in other studies that use similar criteria. It can be speculated that the reasons for this high prevalence are associated with special features of the socio-psychological profile of the Icelandic society.Ágrip Tilgangur: Tilgangur rannsóknarinnar var að kanna algengi starfrænna einkenna frá meltingarvegi (SEM) hjá Íslendingum og kanna tengsl þeirra við einkenni frá öðrum líffærakerfum og við lyf. Efni og aðferðir: Spurningalisti var sendur til 2000 manna úrtaks Íslendinga á aldrinum 18-75 ára. Spurningalistinn innihélt 46 spurningar um SEM og 42 spurningar um einkenni sem tengdust öðrum líffærakerfum og einnig lýðfræðilegum og sállíkamlegum þáttum. Spurningalistinn skipti SEM í tvo flokka: meltuónot (functional dyspepsia) og iðraólgu (irritable bowel syndrome). Niðurstöður: Svarhlutfall var 67% sem er um 1% þjóðarinnar á aldrinum 18-75 ára. Meltuónot á kvarðanum meðal eða slæm komu fram hjá 17,8% (15,3% karla, 20% kvenna, p<0,05). Þegar notuð eru skilmerki Mannings sem greinir iðraólgu þannig að viðkomandi þarf að hafa tvö af sex einkennum að minnsta kosti sex sinnum á ársgrundvelli ásamt verkjum í kvið, þá reyndust 30,9% vera með iðraólgu (25,3% karla, 35,8% kvenna, p<0,05). Yfir 90% skörun reyndist vera milli meltuónota og iðraólgu en samtals voru 35% svarenda með SEM. Konur voru oftar greindar með SEM og algengi minnkaði með aldrinum. Ekki reyndust vera tengsl við lýðfræðilegra þætti. Tengsl fundust á milli iðrólgu og þunglyndis, botnlangatöku og tíðaverkja. Umræða: Rannsókn okkar sýnir hátt algengi SEM á Íslandi og hærri tíðni en kemur fram í öðrum rannsóknum, sem nota svipaðar skilgreiningar. Orsakir þessa háa algengis er ekki ljósar en mögulegt er að félagslegir og sálfræðilegir þættir sérstakir fyrir Ísland eigi hlut að máli.
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