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Áhyggjur foreldra af málþroska barna á aldrinum tveggja til sjö ára

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Authors
Evald Sæmundsen
Helga Hannesdóttir
Stella Hermannsdóttir
Guðmundur B. Arnkelsson,
Issue Date
1998-10-01

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Other Titles
Parents' concerns about language development of their children aged two to seven studied with the CBCL
Citation
Læknablaðið 1998, 84(10):741-7
Abstract
Objective: This is a pilot-study in Iceland of parents' concerns about language development of their children. Little is known about the rate and the expression of such concerns and such data is important for developmental surveillance. Material and methods: This study forms a part of a larger study of the mental health of Icelandic children aged 2-18 years with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Parents' concerns of language problems were studied with the CBCL in 444 children aged two to seven sampled on a national level in Iceland. These concerns were examined by indipendent speech and language therapists and categorized as speech or language concerns, and graded by their possible seriousness. Results: The CBCL picks up host of reasons for parents' concerns. According to the parents' completion of the CBCL about 13% of the sample were considered to have some language problems. The frequency of responses showing language problems was not related to the age of the children. The male-female ratio was 1.5:1. According to speech and language therapists' categorization of parents' concerns, parents described speech problems in majority of cases (72%) as opposed to language problems (18%). These specialists considered parents' concerns to reflect more serious complaints as the children grew older. Conclusions: The majority of parents' concerns were considered to reflect real problems according to specialists. There were indications that parents do not make a distinction between language and speech. This needs to be studied further in order to better inform parents on language development and its disorders, and to contribute to a better focused developmental surveillance.
Tilgangur: Frumathugun á áhyggjum foreldra af málþroska barna sinna. Lítið er vitað um tíðni og birtingarform slíkra áhyggja en upplýsingar um þær eru mikilvægar fyrir reglubundið eftirlit með þroska. Efniviður og aðferðir: Rannsóknin byggir á gögnum sem aflað var í tengslum við víðtæka rannsókn á geðheilsu barna og unglinga á Íslandi á aldursbilinu 2-18 ára með spurningalista yfir atferli barna og unglinga (Child Behavior Checklist, CBCL). Kannaðar voru áhyggjur foreldra af málörðugleikum barna í úrtaki 444 barna af öllu landinu á aldrinum tveggja til sjö ára. Þessar áhyggjur, eins og þær birtust sem skrifaðar athugasemdir, voru síðan metnar af talmeinafræðingum og flokkaðar eftir því hvort þær áttu fremur við tal eða mál og einnig flokkaðar eftir alvarleika. Niðurstöður: Spurningalistinn nær til fjölbreytilegra áhyggjuefna af málþroska. Tæplega 13% barnanna voru talin hafa málörðugleika að mati foreldra. Tíðni svara um málörðugleika var ekki háð aldri. Hlutfall drengja og stúlkna í öllum aldurshópunum var 1,5:1. Við flokkun talmeinafræðinga á athugasemdum foreldra var oftar lýst talörðugleikum (72%) en málörðugleikum (18%). Talmeinafræðingarnir litu athugasemdir foreldra alvarlegri augum eftir því sem börnin urðu eldri. Ályktanir: Í flestum tilvikum voru áhyggjur foreldra taldar visa til raunverulegra vandamála að mati talmeinafræðinga. Fram komu vísbendingar um að ekki sé gerður mikill greinarmunur á máli og tali. Rannsaka þarf betur hvernig áhyggjur foreldra af málþroska birtast og hvernig þær tengjast tali, máli eða öðrum þroska. Slíkar upplýsingar geta verið leiðbeinandi um hvernig á að standa að fræðslu til foreldra og eru líklegar til þess að skerpa reglubundið eftirlit með þroska.
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