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Biochemical characterization of human gluconokinase and the proposed metabolic impact of gluconic acid as determined by constraint based metabolic network analysis.

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Authors
Rohatgi, Neha
Nielsen, Tine Kragh
Bjørn, Sara Petersen
Axelsson, Ivar
Paglia, Giuseppe
Voldborg, Bjørn Gunnar
Palsson, Bernhard O
Rolfsson, Óttar
Issue Date
2014

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PLoS ONE 2014, 9 (6):e98760
Abstract
The metabolism of gluconate is well characterized in prokaryotes where it is known to be degraded following phosphorylation by gluconokinase. Less is known of gluconate metabolism in humans. Human gluconokinase activity was recently identified proposing questions about the metabolic role of gluconate in humans. Here we report the recombinant expression, purification and biochemical characterization of isoform I of human gluconokinase alongside substrate specificity and kinetic assays of the enzyme catalyzed reaction. The enzyme, shown to be a dimer, had ATP dependent phosphorylation activity and strict specificity towards gluconate out of 122 substrates tested. In order to evaluate the metabolic impact of gluconate in humans we modeled gluconate metabolism using steady state metabolic network analysis. The results indicate that significant metabolic flux changes in anabolic pathways linked to the hexose monophosphate shunt (HMS) are induced through a small increase in gluconate concentration. We argue that the enzyme takes part in a context specific carbon flux route into the HMS that, in humans, remains incompletely explored. Apart from the biochemical description of human gluconokinase, the results highlight that little is known of the mechanism of gluconate metabolism in humans despite its widespread use in medicine and consumer products.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098760
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4045858/
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openAccess
ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1371/journal.pone.0098760
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