Árangur gallblöðrutöku á sjúkrahúsinu á Akranesi 2003-2010

Abstract

Tilgangur: Gallblöðrutaka er ein af algengustu aðgerðunum í almennum skurðlækningum. Tilgangur rannsóknarinnar var að meta árangur gallblöðrutöku á Heilbrigðisstofnun Vesturlands (HVE) á Akranesi. Efniviður og aðferðir: Rannsóknin var afturskyggn og tók til allra sjúklinga sem gengust undir gallblöðrutöku á HVE á Akranesi frá 1. janúar 2003 til 31. desember 2010. Upplýsingum var safnað úr sjúkraskrám af á HVE Akranesi, Landspítala og Domus Medica. Niðurstöður: 378 sjúklingar gengust undir gallblöðrutöku á tímabilinu, þar af 280 konur (74%) og var meðalaldur 49,6 ár. Aðgerðirnar voru að meirihluta valaðgerðir (87%) og var aðgerðartími 46 mínútur (miðgildi, bil: 17-240). Legutími var 2 dagar (miðgildi, bil: 1-31). Röntgenmyndataka af gallvegum í aðgerð var framkvæmd hjá 93 af 378 sjúklingum (25%). Röntgenrannsókn á gallvegum og brisgangi með holsjá var síðar framkvæmd hjá 22 af þeim 93 sjúklingum (23%) vegna gallsteina í megingallrás. Tveimur aðgerðum var breytt yfir í opna aðgerð (0,5%).Tíðni alvarlegra fylgikvilla var 2,4%, þar af fengu fjórir (1,1%) sjúklingar djúpa sýkingu og 5 (1,3%) fengu gallleka. Sjúklingar með sögu um gallblöðrubólgu voru marktækt líklegri til að fá alvarlega fylgikvilla (p=0,007). Enduraðgerð var framkvæmd hjá þremur sjúklingum vegna gallleka. Enginn sjúklingur hlaut alvarlegan skaða á gallrás. Enginn sjúklingur lést af völdum aðgerðar. Eftirlit var framkvæmt fjórum vikum eftir aðgerð hjá 254 sjúklingum (67%) en af þeim höfðu 13 (5%) væg einkenni frá kviðarholi. Ályktun: Árangur af gallblöðrutökum á HVE á Akranesi er mjög góður og vel sambærilegur við árangur sem greint er frá í fyrri rannsóknum bæði hérlendis og erlendis. Abstract AIM: Cholecystectomy is a common procedure in general surgery. The aim of this study was to retrospectivly assess the results of cholecystectomies performed in Akranes Hospital (AH), a small hospital in Iceland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study included all patients that underwent a cholecystectomy in AH from 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2010. Patient records were reviewed from AH, as well as from Landspitali University Hospital and Domus Medica. RESULTS: 378 operations were performed. 74% of the patients were women and the mean age was 49.6 years. The majority of operations were elective (87%) and the median operative time was 46 minutes (range: 17-240). The median length of stay was 2 days (range: 1-31). Intra-operative cholangiography (IOC) was performed in 93 of 378 patients (25%). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, ERCP, was performed consecutively in 22 of those 93 patients (23%). The conversion rate to open surgery was 0.5%. The rate of serious complications was 2.4% of which four (1.1%) patients had a deep infection and 5 (1.3%) had a bile leakage postoperatively. Patients with cholecystitis had an increased risk of serious complications (p=0.007). Reoperation was performed on three patients who had bile leakage. No patient had a serious bile duct injury and mortality was 0%. 254 (67%) patients had 4 week control postoperatively where 13 patients (5%) had mild gastrointestinal symptoms. CONCLUSION: The results of cholecystectomies in AH are very good and comparable to the results of national and international studies. Key words: laparoscopic cholecystectomy, intra-operative cholangiography, choledocholithiasis, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, complications. Correspondence: Marta Ros Berndsen, mrberndsen3@gmail.com.