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Geislaálag barna í tölvusneiðmyndum á Íslandi

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Authors
Jónína Guðjónsdóttir
Arna Björk Jónsdóttir
Issue Date
2017-11-03

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Citation
Læknablaðið 2017,103(11):489-492
Abstract
Inngangur: Það er mikilvægt að þekkja geislaálag sjúklinga vegna tölvusneiðmyndarannsókna (TS) og markmið þessarar rannsóknar var að meta geislaálag barna í TS á Íslandi. Efniviður og aðferðir: Allar TS af börnum (yngri en 18 ára) á Landspítala á tímabilinu 1. febrúar 2016 til 1. febrúar 2017 voru skoðaðar í myndageymslu og aldur barns, tegund rannsóknar og heildar lengdargeislun skráð. Einnig var heildarfjöldi TS kannaður. Hlutfall rannsókna af börnum var reiknað, tíðni mismunandi rannsókna og fyrir þrjár þær algengustu var meðaltal lengdargeislunar reiknað og meðalgeislaálag áætlað fyrir 5 aldurshópa. Niðurstöður: Á tímabilinu voru gerðar 662 TS af börnum, eða 3,6% af heildarfjölda. Þrjár algengustu rannsóknirnar voru af höfði (40,3%), kvið (15,6%) og brjóstholi (10,3%). Meðalgeislaálag þessara þriggja rannsókna var, í sömu röð, fyrir börn yngri en fjögurra mánaða: 5,3/4,9/3,0 mSv; fjögurra mánaða til yngri en þriggja ára: 4,2/5,5/1,9 mSv; þriggja ára til yngri en átta ára: 2,7/ 3,4/1,0 mSv; átta ára til yngri en 15 ára: 3,2/4,4/1,0 mSv og 15 ára til yngri en 18 ára: 2,1/6,5/3,3 mSv. Meðaltal lengdargeislunar var í flestum tilvikum yfir evrópskum viðmiðunarmörkum. Ályktun: Vert er að kanna hvort hægt er að minnka geislaálag barna í TS og beina ætti sjónum að stærðarleiðréttum geislaskammti í slíkri vinnu. Ástæða er til að ætla að aukið eigið eftirlit með geislaskömmtum myndi skila sér í jafnari gæðum og minna geislaálagi.
Introduction: It is important to know the effective dose from computed tomography (CT) examinations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effective dose from pediatric CT examinations in Iceland. Materials and method: For all pediatric CT exams (children < 18 years) performed during one year (1.2.2016 till 1.2.2017), data on age, examination type and dose length product was retrospectively collected from the Landspitali University Hospital's archives, as was the total number of CT examinations. The ratio of pediatric CT exams and the frequency of examination types were calculated and, for the three most common examinations, the effective dose and mean dose length product were calculated for five age groups. Results: The total number of pediatric CT examinations was 662, 3,6% of all the CT examinations performed. The three most common pediatric CT examinations were head (40,3%), abdomen (15,6%) and thorax (10,3%). The mean effective dose in those was, in the above order: for children < 4 months: 5,3/4,9/3,0 mSv; 4 months to < 3 years: 4,2/5,5/1,9 mSv; 3 years to < 8 years: 2,7/ 3,4/1,0 mSv; 8 years to < 15 years: 3,2/4,4/1,0 mSv and 15 years to < 18 years: 2,1/6,5/3,3 mSv. The mean dose length product was above European diagnostic reference levels in most examination types and age groups. Conclusion: Possibilities for lower effective doses from pediatric CT examinations should be explored. For that purpose, the use of size specific dose estimates is recommended.
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http://www.laeknabladid.is/tolublod/2017/11/nr/6541
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ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.17992/lbl.2017.11.160
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Icelandic Journal Articles (Peer Reviewed)

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