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Byltur sjúklinga á Landspítala 2005-2009: einkenni og afleiðingar

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Authors
Eygló Ingadóttir
Hlíf Guðmundsdóttir
Issue Date
2011

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Other Titles
Characteristics and consequences of inpatients falls in Landspitali University Hospital of Iceland 2005-2009
Citation
Tímarit hjúkrunarfræðinga 2011,87(6):40-45
Abstract
Byltur eru algengar á bráðasjúkrahúsum og geta haft langvarandi áhrif á líf og líðan sjúklinga. Orsakir byltna geta verið aldur, lyf, bráðaóráð, skert jafnvægi, þvagleki og margt fleira. Tilgangur þessarar lýsandi þversniðsrannsóknar var að greina tíðni byltna á Landspítala og hvað einkennir þá sjúklinga sem detta og skoða tengsl milli einkenna sjúklinga og afleiðinga byltna. Skoðuð voru 2382 byltuatvik hjá 1761 sjúklingi. Megindlegar og eigindlegar aðferðir voru notaðar til að greina gögn úr atvikaskráningakerfi Landspítalans. Skráðum blyltum sjúklinga á Landspítala fjölgaði á tímabilinu, úr 1,3 byltum upp í 3,2 byltur á hverja 1000 legudaga. Meðalaldur sjúklinga sem duttu, var 77,2 ár. Tíðni byltna jókst með aldri og karlar voru líklegri til að detta en konur (p=0,001). Áhugavert var að 42% byltna sjúklinga urðu að næturlagi. Sjúklingar yngri en 85 ára og áttaðir sjúklingar voru líklegri til að fá áverka við byltu hendur en aðrir. Byltur tengdar salernisferðum voru 35,3% og voru líklegri til að valda sjúklingi áverka heldur en byltur sjúklinga við aðrar athafnir. Niðurstöður sýna að skráning á byltum á Landspítala hefur aukist og er það hugsanlega til marks um aukna vitund heilbrigðisstarsfólks um vandamálið. Mikilvægt er að skipuleggja aðgerðir til að fækka byltum aldraðra sjúklinga sem og byltum sjúklinga að næturlagi. Einnig er mikilvægt að huga að forvörnum vegna byltna sem tengjast salernisferðum sjúklinga.
Patient falls are common in acute hospitals and can have long-lasting consequences for patients' wellbeing and quality of life. Falls have many causes, like age, use of sedative drugs, confusion, unsteady gait and incontinence. The purpose of this descriptive cross-sectional study was to analyze the incidence of falls in Landspitali University Hospital of Iceland (LUH), analyze the characteristics of patients who fall, and examine the relationship between patient characteristics and consequences of falls. The number of falls that were analyzed was 2382 involving 1761 patients. Quantitative and qualitative research methods were used to analyze all reported inpatient falls from the LUH electronic hospital incident recording system. Reported falls of patients increased during the period, from 1.3 falls to 3.2 falls per 1000 patient days. The mean age of patients who fell was 77.2 years. Incidence of falls increased with age and men were more likely to fall than women (p=0.001). Patients who fell during the night were 42% and 35.3% of patients fell on their way to the toilet. Those who were more likely to experience trauma by falling were patients younger than 85 years and cognitively intact patient compared to others. Patients who fell on the way to the toilet were more likely to be injured compared to those who fell during other activities. Results show that the recording of falls in Landspitali University Hospital of Iceland has increased reflecting an increased awareness of the problem by healthcare professionals. Toilet-related falls are more likely to cause injuries compared to other falls making it important to develop interventions to reduce them.
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