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Burðarmálsdauði á Íslandi 1988-2017

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Authors
Ragnhildur Hauksdóttir
Þórður Þórkelsson
Gestur Pálsson
Ragnheiður I Bjarnadóttir
Issue Date
2018-07

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Other Titles
Perinatal mortality in Iceland 1988-2017
Citation
Læknablaðið 2018,104(7-8): 341-346
Abstract
Inngangur Með burðarmálsdauða er átt við fæðingu andvana barns eða dauða þess á fyrstu 7 dögunum eftir fæðingu. Tíðni burðarmálsdauða á Íslandi hefur verið ein sú allra lægsta í heiminum undanfarin ár. Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að kanna hvernig tíðni og orsakir burðarmálsdauða hafa breyst á síðastliðnum 30 árum, einkum til að meta hvort hugsanlega sé hægt að lækka tíðnina enn frekar. Efniviður og aðferðir Gerð var afturskyggn rannsókn og var rannsóknartímabilið 1988-2017. Upplýsingar um þau börn sem dóu á burðarmálsskeiði voru fengnar úr Fæðingaskrá og þau flokkuð samkvæmt NBPDC-flokkunarkerfi, sem byggist á að skilgreina þá flokka burðarmálsdauða sem hugsanlega væri hægt að fyrirbyggja. Breyting á burðarmálsdauða var reiknuð út sem árleg prósentubreyting með Poisson-aðhvarfsgreiningu. Niðurstöður Tíðni burðarmálsdauða lækkaði að meðaltali um 3,3% (p<0,001) á ári á tímabilinu miðað við ≥28+0 vikna meðgöngu. Börnum sem létust vegna meðfæddra galla fækkaði um 4,8% (p=0,001) á ári. Andvana fæðingum vaxtarskertra einbura eftir ≥28+0 vikna meðgöngu fækkaði um 3,1% (p=0,029) á ári. Andvana fæðingum einbura eftir ≥28+0 vikna meðgöngu sem voru ekki vaxtarskertir fækkaði ekki marktækt. Ályktun Tíðni burðarmálsdauða hefur lækkað umtalsvert síðastliðin 30 ár. Dauðsföllum vegna meðfæddra galla fækkaði mikið vegna framfara í fósturgreiningu. Andvana fæðingum vaxtarskertra barna hefur fækkað og hefur árvökul mæðravernd skipt þar miklu máli. Erfiðast hefur reynst að fækka andvana fæddum einburum án áhættuþátta eins og vaxtarskerðingar. Mikilvægt að fræða konur um þýðingu minnkaðra hreyfinga fósturs á meðgöngu, hlusta á þær og rannsaka þegar ástæða þykir til.
Introduction Perinatal mortality refers to stillbirth and neonatal death during the first week of life. Recently perinatal mortality rate in Iceland has been among the lowest in the world. The aim of the study was to evaluate how perinatal mortality rate and its causes have changed in Iceland during the last 30 years, particularly to see if it is possible to lower the perinatal mortality rate even more. Cases and methods The study was retrospective and included all infants that were stillborn or died during the first week of life in 1988-2017. Information was obtained from the Icelandic Medical Birth Registry, the annual reports on births in Iceland. A classification focusing on identifying groups of perinatal death that are potentially avoidable was used. An annual percent change was calculated with Poisson regression. Results The perinatal mortality rate declined on average by 3,3% per year in the period based on ≥28+0 weeks gestation. The number of infants that died because of congenital anomalies decreased on average by 4,8% per year. The number of growth restricted stillborn singletons after ≥28+0 weeks of gestation decreased on average by 3,1% per year. The number of non growth restricted stillborn singletons after ≥28+0 weeks of gestation did not decrease significantly. Conclusion Perinatal mortality rate has declined substantially in Iceland during 30 years. Deaths because of congenital anomalies have decreased considerably due to improvement in prenatal diagnosis. Stillbirths associated with growth restriction have decreased but stillbirths that are not associated with growth restriction have not. Thus it is important to emphasize that women seek medical attention when they experience decreased fetal movements.
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To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked Files
Additional Links
http://www.laeknabladid.is/tolublod/2018/0708/nr/6791
ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.17992/lbl
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Icelandic Journal Articles (Peer Reviewed)

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