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Pathophysiology behind prolonged whiplash associated disorders: study protocol for an experimental study.

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Authors
Peolsson, Anneli
Karlsson, Anette
Ghafouri, Bijar
Ebbers, Tino
Engström, Maria
Jönsson, Margaretha
Wåhlén, Karin
Romu, Thobias
Borga, Magnus
Kristjansson, Eythor
Bahat, Hilla Sarig
German, Dmitry
Zsigmond, Peter
Peterson, Gunnel
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Issue Date
2019-02-02

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Pathophysiology behind prolonged whiplash associated disorders: study protocol for an experimental study. 2019, 20(1):51 BMC Musculoskelet Disord
Abstract
There is insufficient knowledge of pathophysiological parameters to understand the mechanism behind prolonged whiplash associated disorders (WAD), and it is not known whether or not changes can be restored by rehabilitation. The aims of the projects are to investigate imaging and molecular biomarkers, cervical kinaesthesia, postural sway and the association with pain, disability and other outcomes in individuals with longstanding WAD, before and after a neck-specific exercise intervention. Another aim is to compare individuals with WAD with healthy controls. Participants are a sub-group (n = 30) of individuals recruited from an ongoing randomized controlled study (RCT). Measurements in this experimental prospective study will be carried out at baseline (before intervention) and at a three month follow-up (end of physiotherapy intervention), and will include muscle structure and inflammation using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), brain structure and function related to pain using functional MRI (fMRI), muscle function using ultrasonography, biomarkers using samples of blood and saliva, cervical kinaesthesia using the "butterfly test" and static balance test using an iPhone app. Association with other measures (self-reported and clinical measures) obtained in the RCT (e.g. background data, pain, disability, satisfaction with care, work ability, quality of life) may be investigated. Healthy volunteers matched for age and gender will be recruited as controls (n = 30). The study results may contribute to the development of improved diagnostics and improved rehabilitation methods for WAD. Clinicaltrial.gov Protocol ID: NCT03664934, initial release 09/11/2018.
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https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12891-019-2433-3
ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1186/s12891-019-2433-3
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