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Útgáfudagur
2019-05
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Visna of Egill SkallagrimssonCitation
Visna of Egill Skallagrimsson. 2019, 105(5): 223-230 LæknablaðiðÚtdráttur
Ein sögufrægasta persóna Íslendingasagna er Egill Skallagrímsson. Um árabil hafa margir fræðimenn sett fram þá tilgátu að Egill hafi þjáðst af Pagets-sjúkdómi. Byggist sú tilgáta á túlkun þeirra á Egils sögu. Spurningin um sannleiksgildi sögunnar vefst hins vegar fyrir og verður ekki svarað en á síðustu áratugum hefur sagnfræðigildi Íslendingasagna verið dregið mjög í efa. Því er vert að undirstrika takmarkað sagnfræðigildi Egils sögu sem og annarra sagna. Hinn einstaki frásagnarstíll höfundar Egils sögu leynir sér þó ekki. Í norrænni bókmenntasögu og goðafræði koma fyrir frásagnir af hervæddri skjaldmey sem kölluð var Visna. Lýsingin minnir á Egil, en höfundur þeirrar frásagnar var Saxo Grammaticus sem dáðist að frásagnarstíl höfunda Íslendingasagna. Textatúlkun á Egils sögu sem getið er um í greininni hér fyrir neðan, beinist að tvíeðli og líkamsbyggingu Egils Skallagrímssonar. Túlkunin er á þá leið að litlar líkur séu á að Egill hafi verið þjakaður af Pagets-sjúkdómi. Því kemur öllu heldur til kastanna ástand sem höfundar kjósa að kalla Visnu Egils Skallagrímssonar.Considering the changes in moral principles, human behavior and behavioral values through the ages, in Egill Skallagrímsson's Saga, Egill presents us with altered mental status. This is in terms of what at present is considered symptoms of an anti-social personality, and bipolar affective disorder. Egill Skallagrímsson is considered one of the most famous Vikings in the Icelandic Sagas. Archaeological findings mentioned in Egill's Saga indicate disfigurement of his skull, which has led many authors to suggest that Egill suffered from skeletal dysplasia. The primary assumption in the literature is that Egill Skallagrímsson was affected by Paget's disease of bone. This consideration is additionally based on the scholar's interpretation of the Saga text. The unique storytelling style in the Saga of Egill Skallagrímsson is evident; however, the question of the story's truthfulness remains open. In this article, we investigate Egill Skallagrímsson's assumed Paget's disease of bone, based on the physical and mental symptoms disclosed in the Saga of Egill Skallagrímsson. Associated with the assumption, the author's hermeneutics of Egill's Saga in the context of modern-day knowledge of Paget's disease of bone, brings forward the probability estimate to the range of permille. In Scandinavian folklore and mythology, a tale by Saxo Grammaticus of a notorious shield-maiden named Visna, reminds of Egill, as noted by Snorri Sturluson. Hence, in reference to Egill Skallagrímsson's mental status and physical appearance as listed in Egill's Saga, the authors recommend the name for his condition to be “Visna of Egill Skallagrímsson”.
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