T cell receptor gene therapy targeting WT1 prevents acute myeloid leukemia relapse post-transplant.
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Authors
Chapuis, Aude GEgan, Daniel N
Bar, Merav
Schmitt, Thomas M
McAfee, Megan S
Paulson, Kelly G
Voillet, Valentin
Gottardo, Raphael
Ragnarsson, Gunnar B
Bleakley, Marie
Yeung, Cecilia C
Muhlhauser, Petri
Nguyen, Hieu N
Kropp, Lara A
Castelli, Luca
Wagener, Felecia
Hunter, Daniel
Lindberg, Marcus
Cohen, Kristen
Seese, Aaron
McElrath, M Juliana
Duerkopp, Natalie
Gooley, Ted A
Greenberg, Philip D
Issue Date
2019-07
Metadata
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T cell receptor gene therapy targeting WT1 prevents acute myeloid leukemia relapse post-transplant. 2019, 25(7):1064-1072 Nat MedAbstract
Relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is the leading cause of death in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) entering HCT with poor-risk features1-3. When HCT does produce prolonged relapse-free survival, it commonly reflects graft-versus-leukemia effects mediated by donor T cells reactive with antigens on leukemic cells4. As graft T cells have not been selected for leukemia specificity and frequently recognize proteins expressed by many normal host tissues, graft-versus-leukemia effects are often accompanied by morbidity and mortality from graft-versus-host disease5. Thus, AML relapse risk might be more effectively reduced with T cells expressing receptors (TCRs) that target selected AML antigens6. We therefore isolated a high-affinity Wilms' Tumor Antigen 1-specific TCR (TCRC4) from HLA-A2+ normal donor repertoires, inserted TCRC4 into Epstein-Bar virus-specific donor CD8+ T cells (TTCR-C4) to minimize graft-versus-host disease risk and enhance transferred T cell survival7,8, and infused these cells prophylactically post-HCT into 12 patients ( NCT01640301 ). Relapse-free survival was 100% at a median of 44 months following infusion, while a concurrent comparative group of 88 patients with similar risk AML had 54% relapse-free survival (P = 0.002). TTCR-C4 maintained TCRC4 expression, persisted long-term and were polyfunctional. This strategy appears promising for preventing AML recurrence in individuals at increased risk of post-HCT relapse.Description
To access publisher's full text version of this article click on the hyperlink belowAdditional Links
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-019-0472-9ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1038/s41591-019-0472-9
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