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Tímabundin tannholdsfærsla fyrir máttöku. Slembin, klínísk samanburðarrannsókn á notkun þráða, álklóríð-kvoðu og sambland af aðferðunum tveimur

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Authors
Erna Rún Einarsdóttir
Niklaus P Lang
Thor Aspelund
Bjarni Elvar Pjetursson
Issue Date
2019

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A multicenter randomized, controlled clinical trial comparing the use of displacement cords, an aluminum chloride paste, and a combination of paste and cords for tissue displacement
Citation
Erna Rún Einarsdóttir, Niklaus P. Lang, Thor Aspelund, Bjarni Elvar Pjetursson. Tímabundin tannholdsfærsla fyrir máttöku. Slembin, klínísk samanburðarrannsókn á notkun þráða, álklóríð-kvoðu og sambland af aðferðunum tveimur. Tannlæknablaðið. 2019; 37(1): 52-60.
Abstract
Tilefni rannsóknar. Tannholdsrýrnun vegna tannholdsfærslu fyrir máttöku í tanngervasmíði gæti orðið útlitslegt vandamál fyrir sjúklinga. Takmarkað er vitað um viðbrögð mjúkvefs við algengum aðferðum við tannholdsfærslu. Tilgangur. Tilgangur þessarar slembnu klínísku rannsóknar var að meta breytingar í hæð tannholdsbrúnar eftir 3 mismunandi aðferðir við tannholdsfærslu fyrir máttöku við tanngervasmíði. Auk þess voru viðbrögð sjúklinga könnuð og tannsmiðir fengnir til að meta stautaundirbúning. Efniviður og aðferðir. 67 þátttakendum var raðað í 3 hópa af handahófi. Í hópi 1 (T1), (n=22) var álklóríðkvoða notuð ein og sér. Í hópi 2 (T2), (n=23) var þræði pakkað og álklóríð kvoða einnig notuð. Í samanburðarhópnum (C), (n=22) voru 2 þræðir notaðir við tannholdsfærsluna. Klínískar mælingar voru gerðar á tannholdi fyrir meðferð sem og 30±10 dögum eftir límingu tanngervisins. Study módel voru gerð á ákveðnum stigum meðferðar og staðlaðar ljósmyndir voru teknar af þeim. Breytingar í hæð búkkal tannholdsbrúnar voru mældar af ljósmyndum í myndaforriti. Auk þess voru viðbrögð sjúklinga könnuð og mat lagt á stautaundirbúninginn með VAS-aðferðinni. Niðurstöður. Rannsóknartennur allra hópanna voru eins m.t.t. klínískra mælinga, utan þess að tennur sem höfðu fengið krónulengingu fyrir meðferð voru marktækt fleiri í T1 borið saman við hina hópana. Á tímabilinu frá máttöku að límingu varð aukning í hæð tannholdsbrúnar upp á 0.058 mm (SD 0.13) í T1 og 0.013 mm (SD 1.19) í T2. Hins vegar, fannst væg tannholdsrýrnun upp á 0.049 mm (SD 0.13) í C. Niðurstöður allra hópanna sýndi að í 21% tilfella jókst hæð tannholdsbrúnar um >0.1 mm, 58% tannanna höfðu stöðuga tannholdsbrún (0 ± 0.10 mm), 21% tilfella sýndi væga tannholdsrýrnun (0.1-0.5 mm) en ekkert tilfelli sýndi meðal-eða alvarlega rýrnun (>0.5 mm). Væg tannholdsrýrnun varð í 8% tilfella í T1, 23% í T2 og 32% í C. Munurinn í tíðnidreifingunni milli hópanna var marktækur (p=.015). 15 þátttakendur (24%) lýstu óþægindum eftir máttökuna. Munurinn milli hópanna var ómarktækur. Tannsmiðum fannst marktækt erfiðara að undirbúa stauta í T1 (VAS 79) og T2 (VAS 82), borið saman við C (VAS 93), (p=.003). Ályktanir. Væg tannholdsrýrnun (<1 mm) er líklegri þegar þræðir eru notaðir við tannholdsfærslu fyrir máttöku samanborið við álklóríðkvoðu. Hins vegar er líklegra að tannsmiðir eigi erfiðara með að greina krónubrúnir í mátum þar sem álklóríðkvoða er notuð
Statement of problem. Gingival recession due to soft tissue displacement for impression-making in fixed prosthodontics may pose a problem for treatment success in the esthetic areas of the mouth. There is limited knowledge about the soft tissue reaction of common gingival displacement methods. Purpose. The purpose of this randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) was to evaluate changes in the marginal soft tissue height to 3 different gingival tissue displacement techniques during fixed prosthodontics definitive impressions of natural teeth. Additionally, participants' perception of the intervention and technicians' evaluation of the easiness of die preparation was evaluated using Visual Analogue Scales. Material and Methods. Sixty-seven individuals were randomized into 3 groups. In test group 1 (T1), (n=22) only aluminum chloride paste was used to retract the gingiva. In Test group 2 (T2), (n=23) a cord was inserted and aluminum chloride paste was used as well. In the Control group (C), (n=22) 2 cords were used to retract the gingiva (double cord technique). Clinical measurements of the gingival position were made before treatment initiation and 30±10 days after prosthesis delivery. Study casts were fabricated at different stages of the treatment, standardized photographs of these were taken and changes in the buccal gingival position measured using a graphics editing software. In addition, participants' perception of the clinical procedure and technicians' evaluation of the die preparation were recorded. Results. Baseline clinical parameters of the study teeth were the same for all groups except for surgical crown lengthening, for which all 3 included cases were allocated to T1. In the period between impression and delivery, a minor gain in gingival height was reported of 0.058 mm (SD 0.13) for T1 and 0.013 mm (SD 1.19) for T2. However, a minor gingival recession of 0.049 mm (SD 0.13) was reported for group C. The results for all groups showed that 21% of abutment teeth gained >0.1 mm gingival height, 58% had stable gingival height (0 ± 0.10 mm), 21% showed minor gingival recessions (0.1-0.5 mm), and no abutment teeth showed moderate or severe gingival recessions (>0.5 mm). The incidence of minor gingival recession was 8% in T1, 23% in T2 and 32% in C. The difference in frequency distribution of the gingival position between the 3 groups reached statistical significance (p=.015). Fifteen participants, (24%) experienced some discomfort after the procedure. The difference between the groups was not significant. The dental technicians found the working die preparation significantly more challenging for group T1 (VAS 79) and T2 (VAS 82), as compared to group C (mean VAS 93), (p=.003). Conclusion. Minor or moderate gingival recession (< 1 mm) is more likely to occur when conventional cords are used during impression making. However, utilizing the double cord technique, the dental technicians found die preparation significantly less challenging compared with impressions made using the aluminum chloride paste.
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