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Defining Extreme Phenotypes of OSA Across International Sleep Centers.

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Authors
Rizzatti, Fabiola G
Mazzotti, Diego R
Mindel, Jesse
Maislin, Greg
Keenan, Brendan T
Bittencourt, Lia
Chen, Ning-Hung
Cistulli, Peter A
McArdle, Nigel
Pack, Frances M
Singh, Bhajan
Sutherland, Kate
Benediktsdottir, Bryndis
Fietze, Ingo
Gislason, Thorarinn
Lim, Diane C
Penzel, Thomas
Sanner, Bernd
Han, Fang
Li, Qing Yun
Schwab, Richard
Tufik, Sergio
Pack, Allan I
Magalang, Ulysses J
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Issue Date
2020-04-15

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Rizzatti FG, Mazzotti DR, Mindel J, Maislin G, Keenan BT, Bittencourt L, et al. Defining Extreme Phenotypes of OSA Across International Sleep Centers. Chest. 2020 Sep;158(3):1187-1197. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.055
Abstract
Background: Extreme phenotypes of OSA have not been systematically defined. Research question: This study developed objective definitions of extreme phenotypes of OSA by using a multivariate approach. The utility of these definitions for identifying characteristics that confer predisposition toward or protection against OSA is shown in a new prospective sample. Study design and methods: In a large international sample, race-specific liability scores were calculated from a weighted logistic regression that included age, sex, and BMI. Extreme cases were defined as individuals with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 30 events/hour but low likelihood of OSA based on age, sex, and BMI (liability scores > 90th percentile). Similarly, extreme controls were individuals with an AHI < 5 events/hour but high likelihood of OSA (liability scores < 10th percentile). Definitions were applied to a prospective sample from the Sleep Apnea Global Interdisciplinary Consortium, and differences in photography-based craniofacial and intraoral phenotypes were evaluated. Results: This study included retrospective data from 81,338 individuals. A total of 4,168 extreme cases and 1,432 extreme controls were identified by using liability scores. Extreme cases were younger (43.1 ± 14.7 years), overweight (28.6 ± 6.8 kg/m2), and predominantly female (71.1%). Extreme controls were older (53.8 ± 14.1 years), obese (34.0 ± 8.1 kg/m2), and predominantly male (65.8%). These objective definitions identified 29 extreme cases and 87 extreme controls among 1,424 Sleep Apnea Global Interdisciplinary Consortium participants with photography-based phenotyping. Comparisons suggest that a greater cervicomental angle increases risk for OSA in the absence of clinical risk factors, and smaller facial widths are protective in the presence of clinical risk factors. Interpretation: This objective definition can be applied in sleep centers throughout the world to consistently define OSA extreme phenotypes for future studies on genetic, anatomic, and physiologic pathways to OSA.
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012369220306802?via%3Dihub
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Copyright © 2020 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.055
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