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Þróun lyfjaávísana á ópíóíðalyf í heilsugæslu á árabilinu 2008 til 2017

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Authors
Sigríður Óladóttir
Jón Steinar Jónsson
Margrét Ólafía Tómasdóttir1
Hannes Hrafnkelsson
Emil Lárus Sigurðsson
Issue Date
2021-10

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Other Titles
Changes in prescriptions on opioids in primary health care during the years 2008-2017
Citation
Sigríður Óladóttir, Jón Steinar Jónsson, Margrét Ólafía Tómasdóttir, Hannes Hrafnkelsson, Emil Lárus Sigurðsson. Þróun lyfjaávísana á ópíóíðalyf í heilsugæslu á árabilinu 2008 til 2017. Læknablaðið. 2021; 107(10): 455-59. doi 10.17992/lbl.2021.10.654.
Abstract
BAKGRUNNUR Undanfarna áratugi hefur ávísunum á ópíóíðalyf fjölgað mikið á Vesturlöndum. Aukinni notkun fylgir hætta á aukaverkunum, fíkn í ópíóíðalyf og andlátum tengdum ópíóíðum. Aukning ávísana á ópíóíðalyf hefur meðal annars verið rakin til breyttra viðhorfa til verkjameðferðar. Rannsóknir hafa sýnt að verkir eru meðal algengustu ástæðna þess að fólk leitar til lækna og langvinnir verkir eru algengir. Samanborið við önnur norræn lönd eru ávísanir á ópíóíða hlutfallslega flestar á Íslandi. Tilgangurinn var að kanna þróun ávísana á ópíóíðalyf í heilsugæslunni fyrir alla aldurshópa á tímabilinu 2008–2017. EFNIVIÐUR OG AÐFERÐIR Rannsóknin náði til allra ávísana á ópíóíðalyf hjá öllum heilsugæslustöðvum á höfuðborgarsvæðinu á tímabilinu 2008–2017. Íbúafjöldi á höfuðborgarsvæðinu var á þessu tímabili um 201 til 222 þúsund. Gögn voru fengin úr Sögukerfi heilsugæslunnar og rúmlega 68.000 einstaklingar höfðu fengið ávísun á ópíóíðalyf á rannsóknartímabilinu. NIÐURSTÖÐUR Á rannsóknartímabilinu varð 17,2% (p<0,01) aukning á skilgreindum sólarhringsskömmtum/1000 íbúa/dag á ópíóíðum. Um þriðjungur þeirra sem fengu ávísun voru karlar og var hlutfallið óbreytt milli ára. Hlutfallslega varð mest aukning í SSS/1000 íbúa/dag í aldurshópnum 90 ára og eldri, eða 40,5% (p<0,01). Hlutfallslega fjölgaði mest einstaklingum sem fengu ópíóíðalyf í aldursflokknum 30–39 ára, eða um 25,5% (p<0,01). Ávísunum fjölgaði í öllum lyfjaflokkum, mælt í SSS/1000 íbúa/dag, um 15,3% (p<0,01) á parkódín, 20,7% (p<0,01) á parkódín forte, 4,7% (p<0,01) á tramadól og 85,6% (p<0,01) á mjög sterk ópíóíðalyf. ÁLYKTANIR Þróun lyfjaávísana á allar tegundir ópíóíðalyfja til skjólstæðinga heilsugæslustöðva á höfuðborgarsvæðinu á árunum 2008–2017, þar sem ávísunum á mjög sterk ópíóíðalyf fjölgaði mest hlutfallslega, ætti að hvetja til endurskoðunar á verkjameðferð innan heilsugæslunnar og gæðaþróunar á því sviði. Jafnframt ættu niðurstöðurnar að hvetja til endurmats á vinnulagi við endurnýjum ávísana á ópíóíðalyf í heilsugæslu.
INTRODUCTION: In recent decades there has been a notable increase in the prescription of opioids in western countries. With this rise in use of opioids the risk of side effects, opioid abuse and deaths linked to opioids have become more apparent. The increase in opioid prescription may partly stem from a change in attitude in relation to pain management. Research has shown that pain is among the most common reasons people seek medical care and chronic pain is prevalent. Iceland is leading the Nordic countries in opioid prescriptions. OBJECTIVE: To examine prescriptions of opioids in primary car in Iceland for all age group from 2008 to 2017. METHODS: The research included all opioid prescription in every health clinic in the capital area in Iceland the between 2008 and 2017. Population in the capital area in this time period was between 201 and 222 thousand people. Data was collected from medical records database of the primary health care and approximatley 68.000 individuals had received a prescription for opioids during the research period. RESULTS: During the research period there was a 17,2% (p<0,01) increase in DDD/1000 inhabitants/day (Defined daily dose) for opioids. About a third of those who got the prescription were men and that ratio did not change during the period. proportionately, the biggest change in DDD/1000 inhabitants/day was in the age group made of people 90 years old and older, about 40,5% (p<0,01). The biggest increase in number of people getting a prescription for opioids was in the age group 30-39, about 25,5% (p<0,01). Number of prescriptions increased in every category of opioids, measured in DDD/1000 inhabitants/ day,15,3% (p<0,01) in parkódin, 20,7% (p<0,01) in parkódín forte, 4,7% (p<0,01) in tramadol and 85,6% (p<0,01) in the strongest opioids. Discussion: the evolution of prescriptions for every type of opioid to the clients of the health clinics in the capital area that occured in the years from 2008 to 2017, proportionately highest for the strongest opioids, should encourage a review of pain treatment within the health clinics and development within that field.
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https://www.laeknabladid.is/tolublod/2021/10/nr/7820
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Icelandic Journal Articles (Peer Reviewed)

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