Augnslys á börnum

Abstract

The purpose was to establish the incidence and nature of serious eye injuries in Icelandic children. The method used was a retrospective study of 133 children aged 16 and younger admitted to the Landakots Hospital in Reykjavik, from January 1984 to December 1993. The results were: one hundred thirty three children were admitted because of eye injuries during the study period. There were 109 boys (82%) and 24 girls (18%). They were divided into four age groups. The incidence of eye injuries has decreased in all age groups except in children four years and younger. The most frequent diagnosis was eye contusion (51%), eye perforation (26%), eyelid trauma (14%) and minor injuries (8%). Fifty eight had hyphema, five of them rebled. Most of the accidents happened at play. Contusion of the eye because of beanbag shot was common (20.6%). In the years from 1984 to 1989 there were 84 children who had eye trauma whereas in 1989 to 1993 there were only 49 children who required hospitalization. Conclusion: Severe eye trauma in children has decreased in frequency, except in the youngest age group.

Tilgangur þessarar rannsóknar var að athuga tíðni og eðli alvarlegra augnslysa á börnum á Íslandi. Gerð var aftursæ rannsókn. Farið var yfir sjúkraskrár barna er lögðust inn á Landakotsspítala vegna augnslysa á 10 ára tímabili, frá janúar 1984 til desember 1993. Alls voru 133 börn lögð inn á Landakotsspítala vegna augnslysa á árunum 1984-1993, 109 drengir (82%) og 24 stúlkur (18%). Hópunum var skipt niður í fjögur aldursbil. Augnslysum fækkaði í öllum aldurshópum nema þeim yngsta. Augnmar (contusio oculi) var algengasta greiningin (51%) síðan kom gat á auga (perforatio oculi) (26%), áverki á augnlok (14%) og minniháttar augnáverkar (8%). Langflest slysanna urðu við leiki. Athygli vakti að af þeim er hlutu augnmar hafði stór hluti fengiö það af völdum skota úr túttubyssum. Forhólfsblæðingar voru 58. Af þeim fengu fimm börn endurblæðingu. Borin voru saman tvö fimm ára tímabil. Augnslys voru mun fleiri á fyrra tímabilinu en því síðara, 84 börn (63%) fengu augnáverka á árunum 1984-1988 en aðeins 49 börn (37%) á síðara tímabilinu 1989-1993. Ályktun: Augnslysum barna hefur fækkað í heild en fjölgað í yngsta aldurshópnum.