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Heilsufarslegir áhættuþættir umferðarslysa

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Authors
Þórarinn Gíslason
Kristinn Tómasson
Hrafnhildur E. Reynisdóttir
Júlíus K. Björnsson
Helgi Kristbjarnarson
Issue Date
1994-05-01

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Citation
Læknablaðið 1994, 80(5):193-200
Abstract
Objective: To estimate medical risk factors among drivers in single car accidents with special reference to sleepiness and alcohol abuse. Design: Multiple-choice questionnaires were mailed to drivers and a random control group. Setting: Iceland. Participants: All drivers in single car accidents (n=471) during the time period 1989-91 and a control group from the general population (n=1.000). Main outcome measure: Medical health profile and answers to questions concerning sleep disorders and alcohol abuse. Results: Compared to the controls the drivers were younger and were three times more often males. The drivers abused alcohol more often. Chronic disorders like epilepsy, diabetes mellitus, cardiac disorders were not overrepresentated. Altogether 15.4% claimed that sleepiness had caused their traffic accident. Logistic regression analyses revealed that these "sleepy" drivers had abused alcohol more often and had more often a history of falling asleep while driving.
Ástæður umferðarslysa eru margháttaðar og stundum af heilsufarslegum toga svo sem vegna flogaveiki eða sykursýki. Syfja og áfengisneysla geta einnig skipt verulegu máli. Lítið er þó vitað um áhrif einstakra áhættuþátta varðandi umferðarslys. Markmið þessarar rannsóknar var að bera saman heilsufarslega áhættuþætti hjá ökumönnum er lent hefðu í óhappi einnar bifreiðar og 1000 manna slembiúrtaki úr Þjóðskrá. Alls hafði 471 ökumaður lent í bifreiðarslysi á árunum 1989-1991. Báðum hópunum var sendur spurningalisti þar sem athuguð voru helstu einkenni syfjusjúkdóma, áfengismisnotkunar, langvinnra sjúkdóma og lyfjanotkunar. Alls svöruðu 73,3%- Ökumenn reyndust vera mun yngri en samanburðarhópurinn og karlar voru þrisvar sinnum fleiri í ökumannahópnum. Enginn munur var á algengi langvinnra sjúkdóma, svo sem flogaveiki, sykursýki, hjartasjúkdóma eða á notkun syfjuvaldandi lyfja. Merki um áfengissýki voru mun algengari meðal ökumanna. Það voru alls 15,4% ökumanna sem héldu því fram að syfja hefði stuðlað að því slysi er þeir lentu í. Logistísk aðhvarfsgreining sýndi að þessir syfjuðu ökumenn höfðu oftar merki um áfengissýki og einnig oftar sögu um að vera nær sofnaðir við stýrið.
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http://www.laeknabladid.is
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Icelandic Journal Articles (Peer Reviewed)

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