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Óskir um mótefnamælingu gegn alnæmisveiru : áhættuþættir smits og algengi mótefna gegn alnæmisveiru, lifrarbólguveiru B og C

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Authors
Gísli J. Snorrason
Sigurður Þór Sigurðarson
Sigurður Guðmundsson
Haraldur Briem
Issue Date
1993-01-01

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Other Titles
Semi-anonymous HIV-antibody testing - risk factors and prevalence of antibodies against HIV, HBV and HCV among those tested
Citation
Læknablaðið 1993, 79(1):5-9
Abstract
Subjects attending a semi-anonymous HIV testing site at Borgarspitalinn, Reykjavik, during a five year period (1987-1992) were asked to complete a questionnaire on several factors associated with increased risk of HIV infection and the reason for their request of being tested. Serum samples from the subjects were tested for antibodies against HIV, HBV and HCV. During the study period 475 sets of tests were performed on a total of 400 individuals. Three hundred thirty six individuals returned 401 questionnaires. Sexual contact with prostitutes was reported by 30 males (40 instances) and one female; and 40 males (in 47 instances) and 18 females indicated promiscuous sexual behaviour. Homosexuality was reported by 15 males and one female. Seven individuals requested testing due to previous blood transfusion, and 5 reported i.v. drug abuse. A request from a third party (significant other, insurance company, etc.) was stated by 32 subjects. Two of the 400 subjects tested were HIV-positive (0.5%), and 9(2.3%) and 11 (2.8%) were found to have markers for HBV and HCV infection, respectively. A significant correlation was observed between HIV infection and homosexuality (P<0.05) and between HCV infection and i.v. drug abuse (P<0.0001). Overall a total of 136 subjects (41%) in the study reported behaviour associated with increased risk of HIV infection. This information supports the continued role of a semi-anonymous HIV testing site among the services offered by the health care system during the AIDS epidemic.
Rannsóknadeild Borgarspítalans hefur boðið almenningi að fá mótefnamælingu gegn alnæmisveiru án milligöngu læknis frá því í mars 1987. Frá nóvember 1987 hefur mönnum verið gefinn kostur á að svara spurningum um áhættuþætti sem tengjast smiti af völdum veirunnar. Kannað var algengi smits af völdum alnæmisveiru í þessum hópi og einnig algengi mótefna gegn kjarna lifrarbólguveiru B og mótefna gegn lifrarbólguveiru C, þar sem smitleiðir veiranna eru sambærilegar. Samtals bárust 475 beiðnir frá 400 einstaklingum um alnæmispróf á tímabilinu frá mars 1987 til mars 1992. Af heildarhópnum voru 188 konur og 212 karlar, flest yngri en 35 ára (72,5%). Af 401 spurningalista komu fram á 258 (64,3%) þeirra einhverjar ástæður mælingar. Marktækt fleiri konur en karlar gáfu engar ástæður fyrir beiðni um HIV mótefnamælingu (p<0,05). Af 336 einstaklingum (175 körlum og 161 konu), sem svöruðu spurningalista, gáfu 30 karlar í 40 tilvikum og ein kona í einu tilviki sögu um mök við vændiskonur. Fjörtíu karlmenn gáfu í skyn fjöllyndi í 47 tilvikum og 18 konur gáfu slíkt hið sama í skyn. Fimmtán karlmenn og ein kona voru samkynhneigð. Tveir karlmenn og þrjár konur höfðu neytt fíkniefna í æð. Sjö höfðu fengið blóðgjöf. Þrjátíu og tveir komu til mótefnamælingar vegna kröfu þriðja aðila. Aðrar ástæður nefndu 48 og óraunhæfar ástæður nefndu 50. Af 400 einstaklingum höfðu tveir (0,5%) mótefni gegn alnæmisveiru (báðir karlar), níu (2,3%) höfðu mótefni gegn lifrarbólguveiru B (átta karlar, ein kona) og 11 (2,8%) höfðu mótefni gegn lifrarbólguveiru C (fimm karlar, sex konur). Marktækt samband fannst milli samkynhneigðar karla og mótefna gegn alnæmisveiru (P<0,05) og milli fíkniefnaneyslu í æð og mótefna gegn lifrarbólguveiru C (P<0,0001). Af þeim 336 einstaklingum, sem gáfu uppfýsingar, höfðu 136 (40,5%) sögu 'um áhættuhégðun. Þótt fjöldi þeirra, sem nýta sér þjónustu þessa sé lítill, benda þessar upplýsingar til þess að starfsemin hafi tilgang.
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