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Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis og öndunarfærasýkingar í sjúklingum með langvinna öndunarfærasjúkdóma

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Authors
Hans Gunnar Erlandsson
Karl G. Kristinsson
Issue Date
1992-12-01

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Citation
Læknablaðið 1992, 78(10):405-9
Abstract
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis is a member of the normal microbial flora of the upper respiratory tract, and has in recent years emerged as a significant pathogen in patients with chronic lung diseases, otitis media and sinusitis. The purpose was to study the prevalence of the organism in patients with chronic lung diseases. The study was both prospective and retrospective and all sputum cultures and case notes of 179 patients, at the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Vifilsstadahospital, were studied. Out of 335 sputum cultures, 149 were considered positive, thereof 37 (25%) with M. catarrhalis. M. catarrhalis was the second most common cause of pneumonia in these patients, and was significantly more common in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease, than in patients with bronchial asthma. Almost 90% of the strains produced β-lactamase. M. catarrhalis is a significant cause of lower respiratory tract infections in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease and most of the strains produce β-lactamase.
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis er hluti eðlilegrar örveruflóru efri loftvega mannsins. Komið hefur í ljós að hún getur valdið ýmsum sýkingum, einkum lungnabólgum hjá sjúklingum með langvinna lungnasjúkdóma, skúta- og eyrnabólgum. Ákveðið var að kanna tíðni bakteríunnar í hrákasýnum frá sjúklingum með langvinna lungnasjúkdóma og hve oft hún teldist orsök neðri loftvegasýkinga hjá þeim. Rannsóknin var bæði afturvirk og framvirk og var farið yfir ræktanir og sjúkraskrár 179 sjúklinga á lungnadeild Vífilsstaðaspítala. Frá þessum sjúklingum voru tekin 335 hrákasýni til ræktunar og voru 149 þeirra jákvæð, þar af 37 (25%) með M. catarrhalis. M. catarrhalis var önnur algengasta orsök lungnabólgu hjá þessum sjúklingum, auk þess sem hún var algengari hjá sjúklingum með langvinna lungnateppu en astmasjúklingum. Næstum 90% stofnanna mynduðu β-laktamasa. M. catarrhalis er mikilvæg orsök lungnasýkinga hjá sjúklingum með langvinna lungnateppu og flestir stofnanna mynda β-laktamasa.
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